Mountain hydrology of the western United States
Mountain hydrology of the western United States
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DOI：
10.1029/2005wr004387
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发表时间：
2006-08-26
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Dozier, Jeff
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bales, Roger C.;Molotch, Noah P.;Dozier, Jeff
[ 1]气候变化和气候变异性、人口增长和土地利用变化推动了对新的水文知识和理解的需求。在西部山区和世界其他类似地区，三个紧迫的水文需要突出：第一，更好地了解控制这些系统内部和外部的能量和水通量分配的过程;第二，更好地了解水文通量与地球化学和生态过程之间的反馈;第三，通过综合的测量策略和信息系统来增强我们对物理和经验的理解。我们设想一个综合的方法来监测，建模和传感的山区环境，这将提高理解和预测的水文通量和过程。在这里，需要广泛的监测能量通量和水文状态，以补充现有的测量，这在很大程度上是有限的流量和雪水当量。地面观测系统的设计必须明确考虑到与遥感数据相结合，并扩大到流域和整个山脉。
[ 1] Climate change and climate variability, population growth, and land use change drive the need for new hydrologic knowledge and understanding. In the mountainous West and other similar areas worldwide, three pressing hydrologic needs stand out: first, to better understand the processes controlling the partitioning of energy and water fluxes within and out from these systems; second, to better understand feedbacks between hydrological fluxes and biogeochemical and ecological processes; and, third, to enhance our physical and empirical understanding with integrated measurement strategies and information systems. We envision an integrative approach to monitoring, modeling, and sensing the mountain environment that will improve understanding and prediction of hydrologic fluxes and processes. Here extensive monitoring of energy fluxes and hydrologic states are needed to supplement existing measurements, which are largely limited to streamflow and snow water equivalent. Ground-based observing systems must be explicitly designed for integration with remotely sensed data and for scaling up to basins and whole ranges.