Confidence in, and self-rating of, driving ability among older drivers
Confidence in, and self-rating of, driving ability among older drivers
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DOI：
10.1016/s0001-4575(97)00100-0
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发表时间：
1998-05-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Richardson, ED
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Marottoli, RA;Richardson, ED
积极的司机（n=125）在一个有代表性的队列年龄在77岁及以上的老年人在纽黑文，康涅狄格州进行了采访。在不同的驾驶情况下，驾驶能力的自我评价，驾驶模式的信心进行了评估，在这些面对面的采访。大约在过去6年里，有撞车、违章移动和被警察拦住的历史。在子样本（n=35）中评估同时驾驶性能。分析的重点是确定驾驶能力的信心和自我评价与以下因素的关系：（1）彼此;（2）驾驶模式;（3）不良驾驶事件;（4）驾驶表现。与同龄人相比，所有参与者都认为自己是平均水平或高于平均水平的司机，大多数人认为自己高于平均水平。与同龄人相比，驾驶里程更长、更频繁的人更有可能认为自己是更好的司机。那些认为自己比同龄人“好得多”的司机往往比那些认为自己“好一点”或“和其他司机一样”的人有更高的信心水平。道路驾驶表现和不良事件的历史与驾驶能力的自我评价无关。自信与驾驶频率和里程数有关，但与年龄或教育无关。虽然男性更有可能在危险的条件下驾驶，但对于每个驾驶的条件，男性和女性都同样自信。没有发现信心和不良驾驶事件或驾驶性能之间的关系。了解驾驶能力的信心和自我评价与驾驶模式、不良事件和驾驶表现的关系，可以为识别老年驾驶员的问题风险增加和制定干预策略以帮助降低风险提供更多的见解。(C)1998爱思唯尔科技有限公司版权所有。
Active drivers (n=125) in a representative cohort of older individuals age 77 years and older in New Haven, Connecticut were interviewed. Confidence in different driving situations, self-rating of driving ability, and driving patterns were assessed during these in-person interviews. A history of crashes, moving violations and being stopped by police was available for approximately the past 6 years. Concurrent driving performance was assessed in a subsample (n=35). Analyses focused on determining the relationship of confidence and self-rating of driving ability to: (1) each other; (2) driving patterns; (3) adverse driving events; and (4) driving performance. All participants rated themselves as being average or above average drivers compared to others their age, with the majority rating themselves as above average. Individuals who drove more miles and more frequently were more likely to rate themselves better drivers than same-age peers. Individuals who rated themselves as "much better" drivers than their peers tended to have higher confidence levels than those who rated themselves a "little bit better" or the "same" as other drivers. On-road driving performance and history of adverse events were not associated with self-ratings of driving ability. Confidence was associated with driving frequency and mileage, but not age or education. Although men were more likely to drive under risky conditions, for those conditions in which each drove, men and women were equally confident. No relationship was found between confidence and adverse driving events or driving performance. Understanding the relationship of confidence and self-rating of driving ability to driving patterns, adverse events and driving performance may provide additional insights into identifying older drivers at increased risk for problems and formulating intervention strategies to help lower risk. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.