Densimeters for very accurate density measurements of fluids over large ranges of temperature, pressure, and density
Densimeters for very accurate density measurements of fluids over large ranges of temperature, pressure, and density
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密度计，可在大范围的温度、压力和密度下非常精确地测量流体密度
DOI：
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发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Kleinrahm
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
W. Wagner;R. Kleinrahm
本文全面介绍了那些类型的密度计，允许非常准确的密度测量流体物质在大范围的温度和高压，也涵盖了整个密度范围从低气体密度到高密度的压缩液体。满足这些要求的密度计是基于与磁悬浮联轴器结合的静压平衡的特殊应用。这些密度计可细分为双沉降器密度计和单沉降器密度计，根据其各自的设计，允许pρT测量，密度的总不确定度约为0.01%至0.02%（置信水平95%）。除了这种密度计的设计的讨论，它也表明，在流体状态的范围内的物质已与这些仪器进行了研究。以氮气为例，讨论了用这些密度计得到的实验结果，并与用其它类型密度计得到的pρT数据进行了比较。对其他类型密度计的特点的描述不在本文的范围之内，但在本文的开头对其进行了简要概述。
This paper comprehensively describes those types of densimeters that allow very accurate density measurements of fluid substances over large ranges of temperature and for high pressures and that also cover the entire density range from low gas densities up to high densities of compressed liquids. Densimeters meeting these requirements are based on special applications of hydrostatic balances in combination with magnetic suspension couplings. These densimeters can be subdivided into two-sinker densimeters, and single-sinker densimeters which allow pρT measurements with total uncertainties in density of about 0.01% to 0.02% (level of confidence 95%) depending on their individual design. Besides a discussion of the design of such densimeters, it is also shown which substances in which ranges of the fluid state have been investigated with these instruments. Using nitrogen as an example, the experimental results obtained with these densimeters are discussed and compared with the pρT data obtained with other types of densimeters. A description of the features of other types of densimeters is outside the scope of this paper, but they are briefly summarized at the beginning of this paper.