Toxicity Response Parameters of Diaquilone Based on Photosynthetic Inhibition Effect of Algae
Toxicity Response Parameters of Diaquilone Based on Photosynthetic Inhibition Effect of Algae
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DOI：
10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593(2021)05-1519-06
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发表时间：
2021-05-01
影响因子：
0.7
通讯作者：
Gan Ting-ting
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hu Li;Chen Min;Gan Ting-ting
作为单细胞生物，藻类体积小，易于培养，对毒物敏感，并且能够在细胞水平上观察毒性症状。它们是快速检测水质中生物毒性的理想试验生物。但“藻类生长抑制试验”依赖于藻类细胞的繁殖代谢过程，测量周期长，不能满足生物毒性快速检测的需要。藻类光合作用过程对污染物毒性的响应速度和敏感性明显优于“藻类生长抑制试验”。现有的“光合抑制实验”多以可变荧光Fv或最大光化学量子产率Fv/Fm作为生物毒性反应的终点，缺乏对多个光合荧光参数响应灵敏度的对比分析，导致生物毒性定量检测灵敏度较低。浮游藻类是理想的生物毒性试验对象，以蛋白核小球藻为试验对象，以藻类光合荧光参数为毒性评价指标，研究多个光合荧光参数在DCMU毒性作用下的响应规律，以提高DCMU生物毒性试验的速度和灵敏度。结果显示：（1）光合荧光参数F-0、Fm、sigma（PSII）、tau（QA）、Fv、Fv/Fm、Yield、rP、NPQ、α在DCMU胁迫下均表现出显著的响应，其中α、rP、Fv/Fm、Yield、NPQ在5 min内的响应与96 h内的响应相似。(2)α、rP、Fv/Fm、Yield、NPQ的抑制效应与DCMU浓度呈良好的量效关系。参数NPQ和EC_（50）的相关系数分别为0.998 5和2.41 μ g·L ~（-1），显著优于其他4个参数和96 h测定结果。若以光合荧光参数NPQ作为DCMU生物毒性5 min定量测定的终点，则可大大缩短DCMU生物毒性检测的检测时间（从数小时缩短至5 min），并显著提高检测灵敏度（EC 50比常规参数Fv/Fm计算的结果低81.4%）。实验结果为基于藻类光合抑制效应的DCMU生物毒性定量检测提供了基础数据，研究方法也为其他污染物胁迫下藻类光合荧光参数的筛选提供了参考。
As single-celled organisms, algae were small in size, easy to culture, sensitive to poisons, and able to observe toxic symptoms at the cellular level. They were ideal test organisms for rapid detection of biotoxicity in water quality. However, "algal growth inhibition test" relied on the reproductive and metabolic process of algal cells, and the measurement cycle was long, so it could not meet the needs of rapid detection of biological toxicity. The response speed and sensitivity of algae's photosynthetic process to the toxicity of pollutants were significantly better than that of the "algae growth inhibition test". The variable fluorescence Fv or maximum photochemical quantum yield Fv/Fm were mostly used as the endpoint of the biotoxicity reaction in the existing "photosynthesis inhibition experiments", and the lack of comparative analysis on the sensitivity of response of multiple photosynthetic fluorescence parameters led to the low sensitivity of quantitative biotoxicity detection. Planktonic algae were ideal biotoxic test subjects, and Chlorella pyrenoidosa was taken as the subject, and photosynthetic fluorescence parameters of algae were used as toxicity evaluation indexes to study the response law of multiple photosynthetic fluorescence parameters under DCMU toxicity, to improve the speed of DCMU biological toxicity test and sensitivity, in this paper. The results showed: (1) The photosynthetic fluorescence parameters F-0, Fm, sigma(PSII), tau(QA), Fv, Fv/Fm, Yield, rP, NPQ, alpha under DCMU toxicity were significantly responsive, and the responses of alpha, rP, Fv/Fm, Yield, NPQ in 5 minute were similar to the responses in 96 hour. (2) The inhibitory effect of a, rP, Fv/Fm, Yield, NPQ had a good dose-effect relationship with DCMU concentration. The correlation coefficient of parameter NPQ and EC50 were 0.998 5 and 2.41 mu g.L-1, respectively, which are significantly better than the other four parameters and the measurement result of 96 hour. If the photosynthetic fluorescence parameter NPQ was used as the endpoint of 5 min quantitative measurement of DCMU biotoxicity, then the detection time of DCMU biotoxicity detection could be greatly shortened (from several hours to 5 min) and the detection sensitivity could be significantly improved (EC50 was 81.4% lower than the result which was calculated through the conventional parameter Fv/Fm). The experimental results provided basic data for the quantitative detection of DCMU biotoxicity based on the photosynthetic inhibition effect of algae, and the research method also provided a reference for the screening of photosynthetic fluorescence parameters of algae under the stress of other pollutants.