Optical Identification of Asbestos by Dispersion Staining Method
Optical Identification of Asbestos by Dispersion Staining Method
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分散染色法光学鉴定石棉
DOI：
10.11362/jcssjnendokagaku1961.32.42
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发表时间：
1992
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Yasuaki Uno
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yasuaki Uno
提出了一种新的光学显微镜弥散染色物镜模型，用于环境中石棉矿物的鉴别和评价。该物镜安装在偏光显微镜上，与加热台和迎面式显微光度计配合使用。将固体材料浸入适当折射率的油中，通过色散染色物镜呈现特征颜色。纤维材料的折射率、双折射率和光学正或负伸长率可以使用这种技术来确定。采用色散染色法、变温法和显微光度法相结合的方法，精确地确定了浸油与固体材料的折射率匹配点。灵敏的色散颜色使我们能够检测直径小于0.5 μ m、含量小于0.1%的石棉纤维。铁石棉和青石棉的折射率非常相似，但它们的区别在于平行于纤维轴和垂直于纤维轴的光的色散颜色不同。该方法可用于环境空气和工业原料中石棉的灵敏、快速鉴别。
A new model of dispersion staining objective for optical microscope has been developed to identify and estimate asbestos minerals in environments. This objective is mounted on polarizing microscope and used together with heating stage and head-on type microphotometer. Solid materials immersed in oils of suitable refractive indices appear characteristic color through the dispersion staining objective. Refractive indices, birefringence, and optical positive or negative of elongation of fibrous materials can be determined using this technique. The matching point of refractive indices between immersion oils and solid materials are decided precisely using the combined methods of dispersion staining, temperature variation and microphotometry. Sensitive dispersion color enable us to detect asbestos fibers smaller than 0.5 pm in diameter and less than 0.1% in content. Amosite can be distinguished easily from crocidolite based on the difference of dispersion color for the light vibrating at parallel to and crossed to fiber axes, though these asbestos minerals are much alike in refractive indices. We can employ this method for the sensitive and rapid identification of asbestos in ambient air and industrial raw materials.