Frustration in Infancy: Implications for Emotion Regulation, Physiological Processes, and Temperament
Frustration in Infancy: Implications for Emotion Regulation, Physiological Processes, and Temperament
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DOI：
10.1207/s15327078in0302_4
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发表时间：
2002-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Johnson, Laura M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Calkins, Susan D.;Dedmon, Susan E.;Johnson, Laura M.
根据父母对婴儿气质的报告和实验室对气质的评估，从346名婴儿中选出162名6个月大的儿童作为研究样本。婴儿被分为容易沮丧和不太容易沮丧，并比较了一些情绪调节，生理和气质的措施。结果表明，男性和女性的婴儿同样可能被归类为沮丧和不容易沮丧，但是，男婴能够调节生理。容易受挫的婴儿使用不同的情绪调节策略，在实验室观察时，观察到他们比不太容易受挫的婴儿注意力更少，更活跃。这些婴儿也被他们的父母描述为更活跃，注意力不集中，对新奇事物更苦恼。被归类为容易受挫的婴儿在生理上反应更大，比不容易受挫的婴儿更难调节生理反应。据推测，这组特征可能构成了一种独特的气质类型，可能对其他类型的行为功能有影响。该研究的局限性在于，观察结果是基于对婴儿的单一简要评估，发现了适度的效应量，并且该研究是横断面的。
A study sample of 162 six-month-old children was selected from a larger sample of 346 infants on the basis of parents' report of their infants' temperament and a laboratory assessment of temperament. Infants were classified as easily frustrated and less easily frustrated and compared on a number of emotion regulation, physiology, and temperament measures. Results indicated that male and female infants were equally likely to be classified as frustrated and less easily frustrated; however, male infants were less able to regulate physiologically. Easily frustrated infants used different emotion regulation strategies and were observed to be less attentive and more active than less easily frustrated infants when observed in the laboratory. These infants were also characterized by their parents as more active, less attentive, and more distressed to novelty. Infants classified as easily frustrated were more reactive physiologically and less able to regulate physiological reactivity than their less easily frustrated counterparts. It is hypothesized that this cluster of characteristics may constitute a unique temperamental type that may have implications for other types of behavioral functioning. Limitations of the study are that observations are based on a single brief assessment of the infant, modest effect sizes were found, and the study is cross-sectional.