Lung cancer-associated tumor antigens and the present status of immunotherapy against non-small-cell lung cancer
Lung cancer-associated tumor antigens and the present status of immunotherapy against non-small-cell lung cancer
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DOI：
10.1007/s11748-008-0433-6
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发表时间：
2009-09
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
K. Yasumoto;T. Hanagiri;M. Takenoyama
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Yasumoto;T. Hanagiri;M. Takenoyama
尽管近年来在手术、放疗和化疗方面取得了进展，但肺癌患者的预后仍然很差。因此，开发和应用新的治疗策略对改善本病的预后至关重要。我们对肿瘤免疫学和分子生物学的理解取得了重大进展，使我们能够识别细胞毒性T淋巴细胞识别的肿瘤相关抗原。针对恶性黑色素瘤和肺癌的免疫反应和肿瘤相关抗原已在分子水平上得到阐明。在理论意义上，肿瘤根除被认为是可能的通过抗原为基础的免疫治疗这些疾病。然而，许多使用明确肿瘤抗原的癌症疫苗接种的临床试验仅在少数患者中产生了客观的临床反应。肿瘤逃避宿主免疫监视的机制仍然是癌症免疫治疗的主要障碍。在我们开发出更有效的肺癌免疫治疗方法之前，有必要更好地了解肿瘤细胞的免疫逃逸机制。本文综述了近年来肺癌中肿瘤抗原的鉴定、肿瘤免疫逃逸机制和肺癌临床疫苗试验的研究进展。
Despite recent advances in surgery, irradiation, and chemotherapy, the prognosis of patients with lung cancer is still poor. Therefore, the development and application of new therapeutic strategies are essential for improving the prognosis of this disease. Significant progress in our understanding of tumor immunology and molecular biology has allowed us to identify the tumor-associated antigens recognized by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Immune responses and tumor-associated antigens against not only malignant melanoma but also lung cancer have been elucidated at the molecular level. In a theoretical sense, tumor eradication is considered possible through antigen-based immunotherapy against such diseases. However, many clinical trials of cancer vaccination with defined tumor antigens have resulted in objective clinical responses in only a small number of patients. Tumor escape mechanisms from host immune surveillance remain a major obstacle for cancer immunotherapy. A better understanding of the immune escape mechanisms employed by tumor cells is necessary before we can develop a more effective immunotherapeutic approach to lung cancer. We review recent studies regarding the identification of tumor antigens in lung cancer, tumor immune escape mechanisms, and clinical vaccine trials in lung cancer.