The MASSIVE survey - III. Molecular gas and a broken Tully-Fisher relation in the most massive early-type galaxies

The MASSIVE survey - III. Molecular gas and a broken Tully-Fisher relation in the most massive early-type galaxies
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大规模调查 - III。

DOI:
10.1093/mnras/stv2313
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发表时间:
2015
影响因子:
4.8
通讯作者:
Davis T
Davis T
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Davis T

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在这项工作中,我们提供了来自大质量星系调查的15个早期类型星系(ETG)的先导样本的CO(1-0)和CO(2-1)观测,这是对108MPC内最大质量的ETG(M*≳1011.5M⊙)的体积限制积分场光谱研究。这些天体之所以被选中,是因为它们显示出星际介质和/或恒星形成的迹象。15个天体中有10个存在大量气体(>2×108m⊙),根据较低质量样本的外推,这些星系的气体比例高于预期。我们试探性地将此解释为恒星质量损失和热晕冷却可能开始在为最大质量的星系提供燃料方面发挥作用的证据。这些大质量ETG的恒星形成效率(SFE=SFR/MH2)似乎低于螺旋星系,但从其他低质量ETG样本中发现的相同分布得出的SFE是一致的。这表明,SFE不是恒星质量的简单函数,而是局部的内部过程对调节恒星的形成更为重要。最后,我们利用CO谱线轮廓研究了Tully-Fisher关系(TFR)的高质量端。我们发现,对于高质量的ETG,TFR的斜率有一个断裂(与以前的研究一致)。这次破裂的强度与宿主星系的恒星速度分散有关,这表明它是由质量较大的ETG中心存在的额外重子质量造成的。我们推测这一变化的根本原因及其对星系形成理论的影响。
In this work, we present CO(1–0) and CO(2–1) observations of a pilot sample of 15 early-type galaxies (ETGs) drawn from the MASSIVE galaxy survey, a volume-limited integral-field spectroscopic study of the most massive ETGs (M*≳ 1011.5M⊙) within 108 Mpc. These objects were selected because they showed signs of an interstellar medium and/or star formation. A large amount of gas (>2 × 108M⊙) is present in 10 out of 15 objects, and these galaxies have gas fractions higher than expected based on extrapolation from lower mass samples. We tentatively interpret this as evidence that stellar mass-loss and hot halo cooling may be starting to play a role in fuelling the most massive galaxies. These MASSIVE ETGs seem to have lower star formation efficiencies (SFE = SFR/MH2) than spiral galaxies, but the SFEs derived are consistent with being drawn from the same distribution found in other lower mass ETG samples. This suggests that the SFE is not simply a function of stellar mass, but that local, internal processes are more important for regulating star formation. Finally, we used the CO line profiles to investigate the high-mass end of the Tully–Fisher relation (TFR). We find that there is a break in the slope of the TFR for ETGs at high masses (consistent with previous studies). The strength of this break correlates with the stellar velocity dispersion of the host galaxies, suggesting it is caused by additional baryonic mass being present in the centre of massive ETGs. We speculate on the root cause of this change and its implications for galaxy formation theories.
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