Obligate pollination mutualism in Breynia (Phyllanthaceae):: Further documentation of pollination mutualism involving Epicephala moths (Gracillariidae)
Obligate pollination mutualism in Breynia (Phyllanthaceae):: Further documentation of pollination mutualism involving Epicephala moths (Gracillariidae)
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DOI：
10.3732/ajb.91.9.1319
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发表时间：
2004-09-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Kato, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kawakita, A;Kato, M
本文报道了白桦属（Breynia vitis-idea）和白桦属（B. fruticosa）的专性-寄生授粉互作关系。Breynia属与Glochidion和Gomphidium （Phyllanthus的一个亚属）密切相关，其中由种特异性的种子寄生Epicephala飞蛾（Gracillariidae）授粉。夜晚，雌表翅蛾的喙上携带着大量的花粉粒，拜访白桦的雌花，积极地为花授粉，并随后产卵。野外采集的花的检验表明，葡萄和果双星的传粉花几乎都有表头蛾卵，表明表头蛾是这两种植物的主要传粉者。在葡萄芽孢杆菌中，单头棘幼虫只消耗部分种子，而在果芽孢杆菌中，单头棘幼虫消耗全部种子。然而，一些果实未被破坏，其中许多果实有虫卵的迹象，这表明卵/幼虫的死亡是确保这些植物种子结实率的重要因素。布雷尼亚种间的特殊花结构的总体相似性可能表明这种传粉系统在该属内相当广泛。
This paper reports obligate seed-parasitic pollination mutualisms in Breynia vitis-idea and B. fruticosa (Phylianthaceae). The genus Breynia is closely related to Glochidion and Gomphidium (a subgenus of Phyllanthus), in which pollination by species-specific, seed-parasitic Epicephala moths (Gracillariidae) have been previously reported. At night, female Epicephala moths carrying numerous pollen grains on their proboscises visited female flowers of B. vitis-idea, actively pollinated flowers, and each subsequently laid an egg. Examination of field-collected flowers indicated that pollinated flowers of B. vitis-idea and B. fruticosa almost invariably had Epicephala eggs, suggesting that these moths are the primary pollinators of the two species. Single Epicephala larvae consumed a fraction of seeds within developing fruit in B. vitis-idea and all seeds in B. fruticosa. However, some of the fruits were left untouched, and many of these had indication of moth oviposition, suggesting that egg/larval mortality of Epicephala moths is an important factor assuring seed set in these plants. The overall similarity of the specialized floral structure among Breynia species may indicate that this pollination system is fairly widespread within the genus.