Epidemiology of vulvar and vaginal cancer in Germany
Epidemiology of vulvar and vaginal cancer in Germany
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DOI：
10.1007/s00404-011-1850-9
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发表时间：
2011-07-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Fischer, D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dittmer, C.;Katalinic, A.;Fischer, D.
外阴癌和阴道癌是一种罕见的疾病，发病率随着年龄的增长而增加。目前，流行病学数据相当缺乏。这篇综述文章提供了这些疾病的流行病学概述，重点是最近的德国数据。这篇综述文章总结了目前可用的信息，以提供流行病学概述。外阴癌的统计发病率为每10万妇女2 - 7例，阴道癌为每10万妇女0.6-1.0例。这些发病率，特别是关于上皮内肿瘤，自20世纪70年代以来大幅增加。外阴癌平均发病年龄为72岁，阴道癌平均发病年龄为74岁。在50岁以下的妇女中，癌症往往与HPV有关，这意味着宫颈癌和肛门癌的巧合率约为20%。50岁以上的女性发生HPV感染的原因多种多样，由于性行为的改变和年轻女性HPV感染率的增加，这两种疾病的发病率都将增加。欧洲外阴癌的年龄标准化死亡率为0.7/100，000名妇女，阴道癌为0.4/100，000名妇女。HPV疫苗接种在多大程度上影响发病率和死亡率正在不断观察。
Vulvar and vaginal cancers are rare diseases with an incidence rate that increases with age. At present, epidemiological data are rather scarce. This review article provides an epidemiologic overview of these diseases, focussing on recent German data.This review article summarizes the information currently available in order to offer an epidemiologic overview.The statistic incidence of vulvar carcinoma has been calculated between 2 and 7 cases per 100,000 women, and that of vaginal carcinoma 0.6-1.0 cases per 100,000 women. These incidence rates, especially concerning intraepithelial neoplasm, have increased heavily since the 1970s. The mean age of vulvar cancer affection is 72 years, and 74 years for vaginal carcinoma. In the case of women below the age of 50, cancer tends to be HPV-associated which implies a coincidence of about 20% for cervical and anal cancer. Various pathological mechanisms are the cause for women above the age of 50.Due to a change in sexual behavior and an increased rate of HPV infection among younger women, increased incidence of both diseases has to be expected. The age-standardized mortality rate of vulvar carcinoma in Europe is stated at 0.7/100,000 women, and that of vaginal carcinoma at 0.4/100.000 women. To what extent the HPV-vaccination affects incidence and mortality rates is continually being observed.