The health and health behaviors of people who do not drink alcohol
The health and health behaviors of people who do not drink alcohol
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DOI：
10.1016/s0749-3797(01)00365-8
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发表时间：
2001-11-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Polen, MR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Green, CA;Polen, MR
背景：与戒酒相比，适度饮酒与更好的健康有关，而肥胖和危险饮酒与发病率和死亡率的增加有关。然而，许多研究未能解释不饮酒者的健康和饮酒史的异质性。如果前饮酒者因健康不佳而戒酒，这可能会增加不饮酒者类别的风险，并低估酒精的影响，如果导致戒酒的疾病与酒精有关。此外，健康行为可能会随着饮酒状况的不同而不同，影响健康结果的因素通常被归因于饮酒。方法：调查数据来自一家大型健康维护组织成员的概率抽样。回归分析评估饮酒状况(调整协变量)、身心健康和功能以及健康行为之间的关系。结果：既往饮酒者和终生戒酒者的健康和功能状况比现在饮酒者差，相比之下，既往饮酒者的健康状况比终生戒酒者差。在健康行为(吸烟除外)方面，既往饮酒者与轻中度饮酒者没有区别，尽管终生戒酒者和饮酒量较大的人较少使用预防性保健或试图改善他们的健康行为。结论：与既往饮酒者可能因健康状况不佳而停止饮酒的假设一致，与轻中度戒酒者相比，既往饮酒者的健康状况不如现任饮酒者，且健康状况略差于终身戒酒者。以前饮酒者似乎没有因为较差的健康行为(吸烟除外)而面临风险，但终身戒酒者和饮酒量较大的人可能会受益于旨在增加预防保健使用和改善健康行为的宣传活动。
Background: Compared to abstention, moderate drinking has been linked to better health, and heave, and hazardous drinking to increased morbidity and mortality. Many studies have failed to account for heterogeneity in health and drinking history among nondrinkers, however. If former drinkers quit in response to ill health, this could increase the risk in the nondrinker category and underestimate the effects of alcohol if illnesses leading to abstention are alcohol-related. In addition, health behaviors may vary with drinking status, affecting health outcomes often attributed to drinking.Methods: Survey data were collected from a probability sample of a large health maintenance organization's membership. Regression analyses assess the relationship between drinking status (adjusting for covariates), mental and physical health and functioning, and health behaviors.Results: Former drinkers and lifelong abstainers had worse health and functioning than current drinkers and, comparatively, former drinkers had worse health than lifelong abstainers. Former drinkers did not differ from light-to-moderate drinkers in regard to health behaviors (except for smoking), although lifelong abstainers and heavier drinkers were less likely to use preventive care or try to improve their health behaviors.Conclusions: Consistent with hypotheses that former drinkers may stop drinking because of poor health, former drinkers were less healthy than current drinkers and had slightly worse health than lifelong abstainers, compared to light-to-moderate drinkers. Former drinkers did not appear to be at risk because of poorer health behaviors (except smoking), but lifelong abstainers and heavier drinkers might benefit from outreach designed to increase use of preventive care and improve health behaviors.