Functional redundancy buffers mobile invertebrates against the loss of foundation species on rocky shores
Functional redundancy buffers mobile invertebrates against the loss of foundation species on rocky shores
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DOI：
10.3354/meps13795
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发表时间：
2021-09-02
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Bracken, Matthew E. S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Elsberry, Laura A.;Bracken, Matthew E. S.
基础物种对于维持许多系统的生物多样性和生态系统功能至关重要。在岩石海岸上，岩藻（褐藻目中的大型褐藻）有可能为移动的无脊椎动物提供栖息地并减轻压力。为了确定 2 种岩草（Silvetia compressa 和 Pelvetiopsis spp.）作为沿纬度梯度位点的基础物种的相对作用，我们进行了观测调查，然后启动了 12 个月的去除实验。我们发现，当岩藻被清除后，移动无脊椎动物的丰富度和数量会随着时间的推移而下降，但仅限于最南端。相比之下，在我们的其他地点，去除岩藻后，移动无脊椎动物的丰富度和丰度没有变化。在南部遗址，岩草在维持流动无脊椎动物多样性方面发挥了重要作用。在我们的中部和北部地点，岩草在维持移动无脊椎动物的多样性方面不太重要。在这些地点，替代物种，包括 Mastocarpus、Mazzaella、Corallina 和 Endocladia 属的叶片和分枝类群，与岩草共生，可以缓冲系统免受其损失。然而，这些替代基础物种在南部地区很少见，可能是由于更大的物理压力。在我们南部地区，岩草基础物种的减少正在减少，可能会导致当地相关物种的共同灭绝，从而产生连锁效应。这项研究强调了基础物种的重要性，特别是在功能冗余度较低的地区，以及基础物种的丧失如何改变多样性，从而导致生态系统功能的潜在变化。
Foundation species are vital to the maintenance of biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in many systems. On rocky shores, rockweeds (large brown algae in the Order Fucales) have the potential to provide habitat and ameliorate stress for mobile invertebrates. To determine the relative role of 2 rockweeds (Silvetia compressa and Pelvetiopsis spp.) as foundation species at sites along a latitudinal gradient, we conducted observational surveys and then initiated a 12 mo removal experiment. We found that richness and abundance of mobile invertebrates declined over time when rockweeds were removed, but only at the southernmost site. In contrast, at our other sites, there was no change in the richness and abundance of mobile invertebrates following rockweed removal. At the southern site, rockweeds played an important role in maintaining mobile invertebrate diversity. At our central and northern sites, rockweeds were less important in maintaining the diversity of mobile invertebrates. At these sites, alternative species, including bladed and branching taxa in the genera Mastocarpus, Mazzaella, Corallina, and Endocladia, cooccur with rockweeds and can buffer the system against their loss. However, these alternative foundation species are rare to absent at the southern site, potentially due to greater physical stress. The loss of rockweed foundation species, which are declining at our southern site, can have cascading effects by causing local co-extinctions of associated species. This study highlights the importance of foundation species, especially in areas where their functional redundancy is low, and how the loss of foundation species can alter diversity, leading to potential changes in ecosystem functioning.