Autobiographical memory, autonoetic consciousness, and self-perspective in aging
Autobiographical memory, autonoetic consciousness, and self-perspective in aging
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DOI：
10.1037/0882-7974.21.3.510
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发表时间：
2006-09-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Eustache, Francis
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Piolino, Pascale;Desgranges, Beatrice;Eustache, Francis
在这项研究中，作者采用了一种新的方法，通过现场/观察者范式和记忆/知道范式，分别评估了记忆的性质（即特异性和自发性）和记忆的现象体验（即自我视角和自主意识），研究了180名参与者年龄对自传式记忆的影响。在记忆的特异性和自发性以及记忆的非凡体验方面，发现了与年龄相关的差异。随着年龄的增长，观察者和认知反应有所增加，但领域和记忆反应以及通过回忆感官感知、情感或时空特定细节来证明它们的能力有所下降。这种模式证实了老年自传体记忆中语义-情景分离的存在。此外，数据支持这样一种观点，即年长的参与者可以主观地“穿越回到过去”，重温最遥远的过去的个人事件，而不是最近的过去。
In this study, the authors examined the effects of aging on autobiographical memory in 180 participants by means of a new method designed to assess across 5 lifetime periods the nature of memories-that is, specificity and spontaneity-and the phenomenal experience of remembering-that is, self-perspective and autonoetic consciousness-via the field/observer and remember/know paradigms respectively. Age-related differences were found for the specificity and spontaneity of memories and the phenomenal experience of remembering. There was an increase in observer and know responses with age, but a decrease in field and remember responses and in the ability to justify them by recalling sensory-perceptive, affective, or spatiotemporal specific details. This pattern confirms the existence of a semantic-episodic dissociation in autobiographical memory in aging. Moreover, the data support the view that older participants can subjectively "travel back in time" to relive personal events in the most distant past better than those in the recent past.