Copper Trafficking Mechanism of CXXC-Containing Domains: Insight from the pH-Dependence of Their Cu(I) Affinities

Copper Trafficking Mechanism of CXXC-Containing Domains: Insight from the pH-Dependence of Their Cu(I) Affinities
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DOI:
10.1021/ja1091547
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发表时间:
2011-03-09
影响因子:
15
通讯作者:
Dennison, Christopher
Dennison, Christopher
中科院分区:
化学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Badarau, Adriana;Dennison, Christopher

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铜通过稳态蛋白运输到细胞目的地,这也可以防止金属的不良反应。铜金属伴侣 HAH1(人 Atx1)通过 β α β β α β 铁氧还蛋白样结构的 Loop1/α 1 上的 CXXC 基序结合 Cu(I)。两种 P 型 ATP 酶(Menkes 和 Wilson 病蛋白)的六个金属结合域 (MBD) 均具有相似的折叠,这是铜与 HAH1 结合的目的地。在这项工作中,我们研究了 pH 对 HAH1 和 Menkes 蛋白 (MNK1) 的第一个 MBD 之间的铜运输的影响。通过与发色 Cu(I) 配体浴铜灵二磺酸盐的竞争滴定,在 pH 7.0 下,HAH1 和 MNK1 的 Cu(I) 亲和力分别为 5.6 x 10(17) 和 3.6 x 10(17) M-1。 HAH1 环 5 上的 Lys60 突变为 Ala(对应的残基是 MNIC1 中的 Phe67),导致 pH 7.0 时对 Cu(I) 的亲和力降低 3 倍。与 MNK1 和 Lys60Ala HAH1 相比,WT HAH1 的 Cu(I) 亲和力表现出不同的 pH 依赖性。这是因为 HAM1 的 CXXC 基序中第二个 Cys 配体的 pK(a) 降低了 1.5 个 pH 单位,这是由于硫醇盐通过与 Lys60 侧链的氢键相互作用而稳定化。 HAH1 和 MNK1 之间 Cu(I) 转移的热力学梯度取决于 pH。 HAH1 中 Cys 配体 pKa 的降低也会影响 Cu(I) 转移的动力学。
Copper is trafficked to cellular destinations by homeostatic proteins that also prevent adverse reactivity of the metal. The copper metallochaperone HAH1 (human Atx1) binds Cu(I) via a CXXC motif on loop1/alpha 1 of a beta alpha beta beta alpha beta ferredoxin-like structure. A similar fold constitutes each of the six metal-binding domains (MBDs) of the two P-type ATPases (Menkes and Wilson disease proteins), the destination for copper bound to HAH1. In this work we have investigated the influence of pH on copper trafficking between HAH1 and the first MBD of the Menkes protein (MNK1). Cu(I) affinities of 5.6 x 10(17) and 3.6 x 10(17) M-1 have been determined at pH 7.0 for HAH1 and MNK1, respectively, from competition titrations with the chromophoric Cu(I) ligand bathocuproine disulfonate. The mutation of Lys60 on loop5 of HAH1 to Ala (the corresponding residue is Phe67 in MNIC1) results in a 3-fold lowering of the affinity for Cu(I) at pH 7.0. The Cu(I) affinity of WT HAH1 exhibits a different pH-dependence compared to MNK1 and Lys60Ala HAH1. This arises because the pK(a) of the second Cys ligand in the CXXC motif of HAM1 is 1.5 pH units lower due to stabilization of the thiolate via a hydrogen-bonding interaction with the side chain of Lys60. The thermodynamic gradient for Cu(I) transfer between HAH1 and MNK1 depends on pH. The decrease in the pKa of the Cys ligand in HAH1 can also influence the kinetics of Cu(I) transfer.