Fostering Scientific and Numerate Practices in Journalism to Support Rapid Public Learning
Fostering Scientific and Numerate Practices in Journalism to Support Rapid Public Learning
复制标题
促进新闻学的科学和计算实践，以支持快速公众学习
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Ranney
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Yarnall;M. Ranney
新闻业具有扩大公众对社会重要现象的理解的潜力，也可以说是一种使命。然而，一些更有效地教育公众的方法一直没有得到充分利用：特别是在新闻报道中嵌入信息性的数字比率和有效的科学解释。在当前这个扰乱和缩小新闻业务规模的时代，使用这种方法的挑战只会增加。为了解决这个问题，本文试图（a）提高人们对心理原因的认识，这有助于解释为什么在新闻报道中使用这些元素是至关重要的，（B）展示一些方法，这样做，需要适度的努力。在回顾相关心理学文献、原则和现有报道方法的基础上，我们描述了一系列认知科学研究的结果，这些研究展示了如何使用关键的--相对最小的--科学和数字元素来增强公众从新闻报道中的学习。最后，我们还描述了旨在帮助记者和博主使用这些方法的课程和资源。
Journalism has the potential––and arguably the mandate––to expand public understanding of societally important phenomena. However, some methods for more effectively educating the public have been persistently underutilized: in particular, embedding informative numerical rates and efficient scientific explanations in news reports. In the current era of disrupting and downsizing the news business, the challenges to using such methods have only increased. To address this problem, this article seeks to (a) raise awareness about the psychological reasons that help explain why it is crucial to use such elements in news reports, and (b) exhibit some methods for doing so that require modest effort. Building on a review of relevant psychological literatures, principles, and existing reporting methods, we describe findings from a series of cognitive-scientific studies that demonstrate how using key––and relatively minimal––scientific and numerical elements can enhance public learning from news reports. We conclude by also describing curricula and resources designed to help journalists and bloggers use these methods.