Intuitive interactionism in person perception: effects of situation--behavior relations on dispositional judgments.
Intuitive interactionism in person perception: effects of situation--behavior relations on dispositional judgments.
复制标题
人知觉中的直觉互动论：情境-行为关系对性格判断的影响。
DOI：
10.1037//0022-3514.56.1.41
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发表时间：
1989
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Wright,JC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shoda,Y;Mischel,W;Wright,JC
为了检验行为和它发生的情景之间的关系的影响，我们操纵了这种关系，并将受试者暴露在这些关系中。印象是相似的，当基于未指定情况下呈现的行为(例如，儿童打人)或当他们自然发生的情况被指定时(例如，被激怒时儿童打人)。然而，当情境被指定时，受试者的印象更准确地预测了儿童整体攻击性行为实际水平的个体差异。当真实的情境-行为关系日益改变时，目标被认为不那么可信，越来越不适应和奇怪，儿童攻击性的感知水平与他们实际的攻击行为之间的相关性降低。因此，人格印象和预测准确度都受到目标行为和情景情境之间的关系的影响。
To examine the effects of the relationships between behavior and the situation in which it occurs, we manipulated such relations and exposed subjects to them. Impressions were similar when based on the behaviors presented with situations unspecified (eg, child hits) or when the situations in which they naturally occurred were specified (eg, child hits when provoked). However, when situations were specified, subjects' impressions more accurately predicted individual differences in the children's actual levels of overall aggressive behavior. When the veridical situation–behavior relations were increasingly altered, the targets were perceived as being less plausible and increasingly maladjusted and odd, and correlations decreased between the perceived level of the children's aggressiveness and their actual aggressive behavior. Thus, both personality impressions and predictive accuracy were influenced by the relations between the target's behaviors and their situational contexts.