AT2 receptors: beneficial counter-regulatory role in cardiovascular and renal function.

AT2 receptors: beneficial counter-regulatory role in cardiovascular and renal function.
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DOI:
10.1007/s00424-012-1146-3
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发表时间:
2013-01
影响因子:
4.5
通讯作者:
Carey, Robert M.
Carey, Robert M.
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Padia, Shetal H.;Carey, Robert M.

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肾素-血管紧张素系统(RAS)是一个协调的激素级联反应,密切参与心血管和肾脏的控制和血压调节。血管紧张素II(AngII)是主要的RAS效应肽,结合两种不同的受体,血管紧张素1型受体(AT 1 R)和血管紧张素2型受体(AT 2 R)。血管紧张素II的绝大多数生理作用,几乎都是有害的,是由AT 1 Rs介导的。相比之下,AT 2 R在大多数情况下负性调节AT 1 R的作用,并且通常具有有益作用。AT 2 R诱导阻力血管和电容血管的血管舒张,直接介导尿钠排泄,并通过与肾近端小管中的多巴胺D1受体相互作用介导尿钠排泄。AT 2 R抑制肾素的生物合成和分泌,并保护肾脏免受炎症和缺血性损伤。我们对AT 2 Rs在生理和病理生理学中的确切作用的理解不断扩大,本次审查的目的是提供一个最新的总结AT 2 Rs在器官,组织,细胞和亚细胞水平上的功能作用,强调血管和肾脏的行动,承担血压调节和高血压。
The renin–angiotensin system (RAS) is a coordinated hormonal cascade intimately involved in cardiovascular and renal control and blood pressure regulation. Angiotensin II (Ang II), the major RAS effector peptide, binds two distinct receptors, the angiotensin type-1 receptor (AT1R) and the angiotensin type-2 (AT2R) receptor. The vast majority of the physiological actions of Ang II, almost all of them detrimental, are mediated by AT1Rs. In contrast, AT2Rs negatively modulate the actions of AT1Rs under the majority of circumstances and generally posess beneficial effects. AT2Rs induce vasodilation in both resistance and capacitance vessels, mediate natriuresis directly and via interactions with dopamine D1 receptors in the renal proximal tubule. AT2Rs inhibit renin biosynthesis and secretion and protect the kidneys from inflammation and ischemic injury. Our understanding of the exact role of AT2Rs in physiology and pathophysiology continues to expand; the purpose of this review is to provide an up-to- date summary of the functional role of AT2Rs at the organ, tissue, cellular and subcellular levels with emphasis on the vascular and renal actions that bear on blood pressure regulation and hypertension.
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