A multiarchitectonic approach for the definition of functionally distinct areas and domains in the monkey frontal lobe
A multiarchitectonic approach for the definition of functionally distinct areas and domains in the monkey frontal lobe
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-7580.2007.00775.x
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发表时间：
2007-08-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Luppino, Giuseppe
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Belmalih, Abdelouahed;Borra, Elena;Luppino, Giuseppe
在上个世纪，解剖学研究表明，大脑皮层可以被细分为结构上不同的区域，从而产生了神经解剖学的一个新分支：“结构学”。从那时起，建筑学经常被指责为过于主观，其对功能不同的皮质场定义的有效性受到严重质疑。然而，自20世纪80年代末以来，定位问题在灵长类动物运动皮层的功能研究中变得尤为重要，因为有证据表明：(1)灵长类动物运动皮层是由功能专门化区域的马赛克组成的；(2)人类运动皮层与猴子运动皮层有一些共同的组织原则。使用多模态细胞、髓细胞和免疫结构方法对猕猴颗粒额叶皮层进行的研究表明，即使在定性分析水平上，结构边界也可以在不同个体之间可靠和一致地定义。该方法的有效性已被其精确定位功能不同区域和预测新功能区域存在的能力所证实。经过一个多世纪的发展，建筑学作为一门学科已经远远超出了生成皮层地图的最初目标。
Over the last century, anatomical studies have shown that the cerebral cortex can be subdivided into structurally distinct regions, giving rise to a new branch of neuroanatomy: 'architectonics'. Since then, architectonics has been often accused of being overly subjective, and its validity for the definition of functionally different cortical fields has been seriously questioned. Since the late 1980s, however, the problem of localization has become particularly important in functional studies of the primate motor cortex, because of evidence that (1) the primate motor cortex is made up of a mosaic of functionally specialized areas and (2) the human motor cortex shares several general organizational principles with the monkey motor cortex. Studies of the macaque agranular frontal cortex that used a multimodal cyto-, myelo- and immuno-architectonic approach have shown that architectonic borders can be reliably and consistently defined across different individuals, even at a qualitative level of analysis. The validity of this approach has been confirmed by its ability to localize functionally distinct areas precisely and to predict the existence of new functional areas. After more than a century, architectonics as a discipline goes far beyond its original aim of generating cortical maps.