Terrain, vegetation and landscape evolution of the R4D research site, Brooks Range Foothills, Alaska
Terrain, vegetation and landscape evolution of the R4D research site, Brooks Range Foothills, Alaska
复制标题
阿拉斯加州布鲁克斯山脉山麓 R4D 研究地点的地形、植被和景观演变
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
1989
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
P. Webber
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Walker;E. Binnian;B. Evans;N. Lederer;E. Nordstrand;P. Webber
以能源部（DOE）R4 D（响应，阻力）为中心的22平方公里区域的植被和地形地图。在阿拉斯加南部山麓自然省的北极生态系统的恢复和从干扰中恢复）研究地点进行了综合地植物学制图程序和地理信息系统。典型的地貌和地表形态包括山坡水迹、Sagavanirktok-age冰碛物沉积、未分选的石头条纹和崩积盆地沉积。描述了32个植物群落;主要植被（占地图面积的51%）是潮湿的丛生莎草，矮灌木苔原占主导地位的羊草或苔草。大部分的空间变化映射的地植物学特征反映了不同年龄的冰川表面。Shannon-Wiener指数表明，较成熟的景观，代表再搬运的山坡沉积物和盆地崩积层，是较新的景观，如表层耕层沉积和洪泛区的异质性。一个典型的地形序列中更新世时代的表面上的景观演化进行了讨论。厚泥炭藓苔藓层发生在较低的山坡上，和模式的苔藓层的发展，热通量，活动层的厚度，和地面冰被视为开发热岩溶敏感性地图的关键。
Maps of the vegetation and terrain of a 22 km2 area centered on the Department of Energy (DOE) R4D (Response, Resistance. Resilience to and Recovery from Disturbance in Arctic Ecosystems) study site in the Southern Foothills Physiographic Province of Alaska were made using integrated geobotanical mapping procedures and a geographic-information system. Typical landforms and surface forms include hillslope water tracks, Sagavanirktok-age till deposits, nonsorted stone stripes, and colluvial-basin deposits. Thirty-two plant communities are described; the dominant vegetation (51% of the mapped area) is moist tussock-sedge, dwarf-shrub tundra dominated by Eriophorum vaginatum or Carex bigelowii. Much of the spatial variation in the mapped geobotanical characters reflects different-aged glaciated surfaces. Shannon-Wiener indices indicate that the more mature landscapes, represented by retransported hillslope deposits and basin colluvium, are less heterogeneous than newer landscapes such as surficial till deposits and floodplains. A typical toposequence on a mid-Pleistocene-age surface is discussed with respect to evolution of the landscape. Thick Sphagnum moss layers occur on lower hillslopes, and the patterns of moss-layer development, heat flux, active layer thickness, and ground-ice are seen as keys to developing thermokarst-susceptibility maps.