Detecting metamemory in nonverbal subjects: A test with pigeons
Detecting metamemory in nonverbal subjects: A test with pigeons
复制标题
DOI：
10.1037/0097-7403.25.3.389
复制
发表时间：
1999-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Shettleworth, SJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Inman, A;Shettleworth, SJ
我们描述了一种新颖的元记忆非语言测试。在一个3-选择延迟匹配到样本的任务中，鸽子偶尔被允许选择一个测试的记忆与6个颗粒强化正确匹配的样本和啄一个安全的关键3个颗粒之间。随着保持时间间隔的增加，鸟类越来越多地选择安全钥匙而不是记忆测试。此外，当鸟儿们选择用保险箱钥匙进行记忆测试时，匹配比当它们被迫接受记忆测试时更准确，就好像它们在每次测试中都监测记忆强度一样。然而，当鸟儿在样本和干扰物出现之前必须承诺进行记忆测试或安全钥匙测试时，数据与另一种解释更一致。这种类型的实验设计可以更普遍地用于测试非语言物种的元认知过程，并具有几个优势，以前报道的设计。
We describe a novel, nonverbal test of metamemory. In a 3-alternative delayed matching-to-sample task, pigeons were occasionally allowed to choose between a test of memory for the sample with 6 pellets reinforcement for correct matching and pecking a safe key for 3 pellets. Birds increasingly chose the safe key over the test of memory as the retention interval increased. In addition, matching was more accurate when birds chose the test of memory on trials with the safe key than when they were forced to have their memory tested, as if they monitored memory strength on each trial. However, when the birds had to commit to a test of memory or the safe key before the sample and distracters appeared, the data were more consistent with an alternative interpretation. This type of experimental design can be used more generally to test for metacognitive processes in nonverbal species and has several advantages over designs reported previously.