FAMILIARITY AND NOVELTY PREFERENCES IN INFANT RECOGNITION MEMORY - IMPLICATIONS FOR INFORMATION-PROCESSING
FAMILIARITY AND NOVELTY PREFERENCES IN INFANT RECOGNITION MEMORY - IMPLICATIONS FOR INFORMATION-PROCESSING
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DOI：
10.1037/0012-1649.18.5.704
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发表时间：
1982-01-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
BRIDGER, WH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
ROSE, SA;MELLOYCARMINAR, P;BRIDGER, WH
一些研究人员提出，小婴儿对熟悉的刺激表现出偏好，随着年龄的增长，这种偏好被对新刺激的偏好所取代，识别行为变得司空见惯。有两项研究未能支持这一发展观点，而是提出偏好的变化反映了在特定年龄内发生的信息处理阶段；只有处理速度随着年龄的变化而变化。在第一项研究中，3.5、4.5和6.5mo的婴儿。使用配对比较程序，测试对形状的视觉识别记忆。每个问题都包括一段熟悉的时间，然后进行一次测试，在此期间，两个人中熟悉的和新的成员都会被呈现出来。3.5个月的孩子表现出对熟悉的小说的强烈偏好；4.5个月的孩子，尤其是6.5个月的孩子，表现出对小说的偏好。然而，在第二项研究中，这些变化更多地取决于熟悉时间，而不是年龄。3.5mo的婴儿。允许5岁、10岁、15岁、20岁或30岁的S熟悉；年龄6.5mo的。两个年龄段的婴儿都在有限的刺激下表现出对熟悉刺激的偏好(分别为10岁和5岁的S)；这种偏好在较长时间的接触后转变为对新刺激的偏好(分别为30岁和15岁的S)。无论年龄大小，婴儿显然更喜欢看熟悉的东西，因为他们开始处理刺激；一旦处理变得更高级，他们的偏好就会转移到小说上。
Some investigators have suggested that young infants show a preference for familiar stimuli, which is supplanted by a preference for novel stimuli as they get older and the act of recognition becomes comonplace. Two studies failed to support this developmental view but suggested instead that shifts in preference reflect phases in information processing that occur within a given age; it is only the speed of processing that changes across ages. In the 1st study, infants aged 3.5, 4.5 and 6.5 mo. were tested for visual recognition memory of shapes, using the paired comparison procedure. Each problem consisted of a familiarization period followed by a test during which the familiar and novel member of the pair were both presented. The 3.5-mo.-olds showed a strong preference for the familiar; the 4.5-, and especially the 6.5-mo.-olds, showed a preference for the novel. In the 2nd study, however, these shifts depended more on familiarization time than on age. Infants aged 3.5 mo. were allowed either 5, 10, 15, 20 or 30 s of familiarization; those aged 6.5 mo. were allowed either 5, 10 or 15 s. Infants of both ages showed a preference for the familiar stimulus after limited exposure to it (10 and 5 s, respectively); this preference shifted to a preference for the novel stimulus after more extended exposure (30 and 15 s, respectively). Regardless of age, infants apparently prefer to look at that which is familiar as they begin to process a stimulus; once processing becomes more advanced, their preference shifts to the novel.