The direct passage of animal viruses between cells
The direct passage of animal viruses between cells
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DOI：
10.1016/j.coviro.2011.09.004
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发表时间：
2011-11-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Sattentau, Quentin J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sattentau, Quentin J.
病毒可以在接触的靶细胞之间直接移动，并且在某些情况下秘密移动的范例现在已经为几个病毒家族建立。然而，细胞间传播的潜在机制仍有待充分阐明，并且可能因病毒出入途径和细胞嗜性而有实质性差异。在这里，两个不同的细胞间传播机制的例子：首先是人类逆转录病毒，它依赖于短暂的粘附结构，形成之间的极化免疫细胞称为病毒学突触，其次是疱疹病毒，主要依赖于预先存在的稳定的细胞接触，但也可能形成病毒学突触。植物病毒也可以直接在接触的细胞之间传播，但被刚性的宿主细胞壁迫使穿过称为胞间连丝的孔结构。本综述将主要集中在最近的进展，我们了解动物病毒细胞间传播的例子，从这两个病毒家族，并将得出结论，通过比较和对比细胞间传播的动物和植物病毒。
The paradigm that viruses can move directly, and in some cases covertly, between contacting target cells is now well established for several virus families. The underlying mechanisms of cell-to-cell spread, however, remain to be fully elucidated and may differ substantially depending on the viral exit/entry route and the cellular tropism. Here, two divergent cell-to-cell spread mechanisms are exemplified: firstly by human retroviruses, which rely upon transient adhesive structures that form between polarized immune cells termed virological synapses, and secondly by herpesviruses that depend predominantly on pre-existing stable cellular contacts, but may also form virological synapses. Plant viruses can also spread directly between contacting cells, but are obliged by the rigid host cell wall to move across pore structures termed plasmodesmata. This review will focus primarily on recent advances in our understanding of animal virus cell-to-cell spread using examples from these two virus families, and will conclude by comparing and contrasting the cell-to-cell spread of animal and plant viruses.