Voluntary associations, social capital, and civil society in comparative perspective: South Korea and Sweden
Voluntary associations, social capital, and civil society in comparative perspective: South Korea and Sweden
复制标题
比较视角下的志愿协会、社会资本和公民社会：韩国和瑞典
DOI：
10.1080/12265080408449863
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发表时间：
2004
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Inchoon Kim
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Inchoon Kim
人们组织和参与志愿协会，因为志愿协会提供社会资本，如互惠规范、公民身份、社会信任和社会关系网络。通过对韩国和瑞典的志愿团体进行比较分析，可以发现：第一，志愿团体在提供服务、加强表达功能、在韩国和瑞典带来新的参与性民主意识等方面发挥了重要作用。第二，在韩国和瑞典，民间社会部门一直是治理的主要行为者。韩国志愿协会的增长反映了它们的作用和能力日益增强，瑞典也是如此。然而，第三，韩国和瑞典的民间社会的性质和力量不同，因为志愿协会的组织方式不同，它们提供的利益在不同的社会中也不同。最显著的区别是，瑞典公民社会主要由正式的初级经济协会组成，而韩国公民社会则由非正式的情感联系群体组成。第四，志愿部门的组织能力可以使韩国公民社会与北欧公民社会更明显地区别开来。最后，韩国公民社会需要更多的公民作为成员或志愿者积极参与，以成为一个有组织的公民社会实体，创造和增强社会资本。
People organize and participate in voluntary associations since voluntary associations provide social capital, such as norms of reciprocity, citizenship, social trust, and networks of social relations. Comparative analysis of voluntary associations in South Korea and Sweden reveals, first, that voluntary associations have played an important role in providing services, enhancing expressive functions, and in bringing a new sense of participatory democracy in Korea as well as in Sweden. Second, the civil society sector has been a major actor in governance in Korea and Sweden. The growth of voluntary associations in Korea reflects their increasing role and capacity, as has been in Sweden. Third, however, the character and strength of civil society are different in Korea and Sweden, because the ways in which voluntary associations are structured are different and the interests they provide vary across societies. Most striking difference is that Swedish civil society has been mainly constituted by formal primary economic associations, while Korean civil society has been constituted by informal affective linkage groups. Fourth, the organizing capacity of the voluntary sector can differentiate Korean civil society from the Nordic civil society more clearly. Finally, the Korean civil society need more active participation of citizens as members or volunteers in order to become an entity of organized civil society to create and enhance social capital.