Chronic Alcohol Abuse and HIV Disease Progression: Studies with the Non-Human Primate Model
Chronic Alcohol Abuse and HIV Disease Progression: Studies with the Non-Human Primate Model
复制标题
DOI：
10.2174/1570162x12666140721115717
复制
发表时间：
2014-01-01
影响因子：
1
通讯作者：
Nelson, Steve
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Amedee, Angela M.;Nichols, Whitney A.;Nelson, Steve
艾滋病毒感染风险人群以及艾滋病毒感染者与大量饮酒人群重叠。酒精使用与高危性行为和感染艾滋病毒的可能性增加以及艾滋病毒感染者中病毒载量增加和CD4+ T淋巴细胞下降等不良疾病结果指标有关。很难辨别酒精使用影响病毒的生物学机制：由于人类行为引入的许多变量，宿主在人群中的相互作用。感染猴免疫缺陷病毒的恒河猴已成为了解HIV疾病和传播的宝贵模型，因此，在受控环境下，为评估慢性酒精使用对病毒感染和疾病进展的影响提供了理想模型。在这篇综述中，我们描述了慢性酒精消耗的不同猕猴模型，并总结了关于SIV和酒精的研究。总的来说，他们已经表明，长期饮酒会导致更高水平的血浆病毒和免疫细胞群的改变，从而增强SIV的复制。他们还证明了慢性酒精使用对siv疾病进展和生存的显著影响。这些研究突出了恒河猴在破译酒精对HIV疾病的生物学效应方面的效用。未来的研究将利用这一成熟的模型来研究饮酒对艾滋病毒易感性的生物学影响，以及抗逆转录病毒治疗的疗效。
The populations at risk for HIV infection, as well as those living with HIV, overlap with populations that engage in heavy alcohol consumption. Alcohol use has been associated with high-risk sexual behavior and an increased likelihood of acquiring HIV, as well as poor outcome measures of disease such as increased viral loads and declines in CD4+ T lymphocytes among those living with HIV-infections. It is difficult to discern the biological mechanisms by which alcohol use affects the virus: host interaction in human populations due to the numerous variables introduced by human behavior. The rhesus macaque infected with simian immunodeficiency virus has served as an invaluable model for understanding HIV disease and transmission, and thus, provides an ideal model to evaluate the effects of chronic alcohol use on viral infection and disease progression in a controlled environment. In this review, we describe the different macaque models of chronic alcohol consumption and summarize the studies conducted with SIV and alcohol. Collectively, they have shown that chronic alcohol consumption results in higher levels of plasma virus and alterations in immune cell populations that potentiate SIV replication. They also demonstrate a significant impact of chronic alcohol use on SIV-disease progression and survival. These studies highlight the utility of the rhesus macaque in deciphering the biological effects of alcohol on HIV disease. Future studies with this well-established model will address the biological influence of alcohol use on susceptibility to HIV, as well as the efficacy of anti-retroviral therapy.