Photodegradation of Neonicotinoid Insecticides Nitenpyram, Thiacloprid, and Acetamiprid in Water and Soil Environments
Photodegradation of Neonicotinoid Insecticides Nitenpyram, Thiacloprid, and Acetamiprid in Water and Soil Environments
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DOI：
10.1007/s00128-024-03975-x
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发表时间：
2024-12-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Li，Yadong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Li，Yang;Li，Yadong
研究了3种新烟碱类杀虫剂敌百虫、噻虫啉和扑草胺在自然光、UVA光和UVB光下在水样和土壤样品中的光降解。结果表明，无论是在去离子水、自来水、含100 mg/L腐植酸的去离子水中，还是在土壤中，这些杀虫剂在阳光照射下都会发生显著降解。在自来水中的降解半衰期分别为3.7、4.7和8.9h，在含100 mg/L腐植酸的去离子水中分别为5.4、6.3、9.1h，在土壤中的半衰期分别为7.5、7.9和15.9h。与光降解相比，由于水解引起的降解并不显著。对光源影响的考察表明，阳光下的UVB对这三种新烟碱的光降解起主要作用，而UVA和可见光的影响可以忽略不计。对降解产物的分析表明，这些杀虫剂中的硝基胍基团不稳定，在阳光下容易分解。共检测到9种降解产物，其中对健康的影响以及在环境中的去向和迁移有待进一步研究。
The photodegradations of three selected neonicotinoid insecticides nitenpyram, thiacloprid, and acetamiprid were investigated in both water and soil samples under natural sunlight, UVA light, and UVB light. The results indicate that these insecticides undergo significant degradations when subjected to sunlight, whether they are in deionized (DI) water, tap water, and DI water containing 100 mg/L humic acids or in soil. The degradation half-lives of nitenpyram, thiacloprid, and acetamiprid in tap water under sunlight were found to be 3.7, 4.7, and 8.9 h, respectively, in DI water 5.4, 6.3, 9.1 h, respectively, in DI water containing 100 mg/L humic acids 3.6, 3.3, 6.5 h, respectively, and in soil 7.5, 7.9, and 15.9 h, respectively. The degradation due to hydrolysis was found insignificant as compared to photodegradation. The examination of the effects of light source revealed that the UVB in the sunlight plays a major role in the photodegradation of these three neonicotinoids, and the effects of UVA and visible light are negligible. The analysis on the degradation products indicated that the nitroguanidine group in these insecticides is unstable and prone to break up under sunlight. A total of nine degradation products were detected, of which the health effects and the fate and transport in the environment need to be further studied.