The “Neglected Viruses” of Taihu: Abundant Transcripts for Viruses Infecting Eukaryotes and Their Potential Role in Phytoplankton Succession
The “Neglected Viruses” of Taihu: Abundant Transcripts for Viruses Infecting Eukaryotes and Their Potential Role in Phytoplankton Succession
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DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2020.00338
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发表时间：
2020-03
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
H. Pound;Eric R. Gann;Xiangming Tang;Lauren E. Krausfeldt;M. Huff;M. Staton;D. Talmy;S. Wilhelm
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. Pound;Eric R. Gann;Xiangming Tang;Lauren E. Krausfeldt;M. Huff;M. Staton;D. Talmy;S. Wilhelm
藻类水华动力学的驱动因素仍然知之甚少，但病毒被认为是重要的参与者。解决水华动态的研究一般仅限于病毒感染的数量占主导地位（即水华形成）类群。然而，这种方法忽略了广泛的多样性的病毒群体，限制了我们的知识，病毒的相互作用和限制在这些系统。我们研究了标志性病毒标记基因的metatranscriptomic库从一个铜绿微囊藻水华在太湖（太湖）中国的季节性和空间调查，以确定活跃的感染核质大DNA病毒（NCLDVs），RNA病毒，ssDNA病毒，噬菌体，和virophage。系统发育分析显示，不同的病毒种群的季节和空间变异。我们观察到不成比例的高表达的标志物与NCLDVs和ssRNA病毒（与病毒感染光合原生生物）相对于噬菌体感染异养细菌或蓝藻在微囊藻水华事件的高度。在一个修改后的赢家计划，我们假设病毒感染原生生物有助于抑制光合真核生物群落，并允许蓝藻，如微囊藻的增殖。我们的观测结果为促进藻类水华的因子提供了基础。
Drivers of algal bloom dynamics remain poorly understood, but viruses have been implicated as important players. Research addressing bloom dynamics has generally been restricted to the virus-infection of the numerically dominant (i.e. bloom forming) taxa. Yet this approach neglects a broad diversity of viral groups, limiting our knowledge of viral interactions and constraints within these systems. We examined hallmark virus marker genes in metatranscriptomic libraries from a seasonal and spatial survey of a Microcystis aeruginosa bloom in Lake Tai (Taihu) China to identify active infections by nucleocytoplasmic large DNA viruses (NCLDVs), RNA viruses, ssDNA viruses, bacteriophage, and virophage. Phylogenetic analyses revealed a diverse virus population with seasonal and spatial variability. We observed disproportionately high expression of markers associated with NCLDVs and ssRNA viruses (consistent with viruses that infect photosynthetic protists) relative to bacteriophage infecting heterotrophic bacteria or cyanobacteria during the height of the Microcystis bloom event. Under a modified kill-the-winner scheme, we hypothesize viruses infecting protists help suppress the photosynthetic eukaryotic community and allow for the proliferation of cyanobacteria such as Microcystis. Our observations provide a foundation for a little considered factor promoting algal blooms.