Undulation frequency affects burial performance in living and model flatfishes
Undulation frequency affects burial performance in living and model flatfishes
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波动频率影响活体和模型比目鱼的埋藏性能
DOI：
10.1016/j.zool.2015.12.004
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Summers, Adam P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McKee, Amberle;MacDonald, Ian;Farina, Stacy C.;Summers, Adam P.
比目鱼把自己埋在一层薄薄的沙子下，以躲避捕食者或伏击猎物。研究了五种比目鱼（Isopsetta isolepis, Lepidopsetta bilineata, Hippoglossoides elassodon， Parophrys vetulus和psettichthys melanotictus）身体波动频率在埋藏中的作用。高速视频显示，波浪从头部开始，在埋葬时通过尾部，就像许多其他鱼类向前游动一样。比目鱼在埋葬时也会轻拍它们的背鳍和肛鳍的后缘，这可能会增加被基质覆盖的总表面积。我们建立了一个简单的物理模型——一个带有电动变速驱动器的柔性椭圆形硅胶板——来隔离波动频率对埋藏的影响。在模型和驱动的死比目鱼中，波动频率的增加导致沙覆盖面积的增加。对于我们的模型来说，完全覆盖需要不超过10赫兹的波动频率，这对于活的比目鱼来说也足够了。该模型表明，这种波动足以埋葬动物，但活的比目鱼表现出更强的埋葬能力，我们将其归因于中间鳍的作用。
Flatfishes bury themselves under a thin layer of sand to hide from predators or to ambush prey. We investigated the role of undulation frequency of the body in burial in five species of flatfishes (Isopsetta isolepis, Lepidopsetta bilineata, Hippoglossoides elassodon, Parophrys vetulus, andPsettichthys melanostictus). High-speed videos show that undulations begin cranially and pass caudally while burying, as in forward swimming in many other fishes. The flatfishes also flick the posterior edge of their dorsal and anal fins during burial, which may increase the total surface area covered by substrate. We built a simple physical model – a flexible, oval silicone plate with a motorized, variable-speed actuator – to isolate the effect of undulation frequency on burial. In both the model and actuated dead flatfish, increased undulation frequency resulted in an increase in the area of sand coverage. Complete coverage required an undulation frequency of no more than 10 Hz for our models, and that was also sufficient for live flatfishes. The model shows that undulation is sufficient to bury the animal, but live flatfishes showed a superior ability to bury, which we attribute to the action of the median fins.