Selection for Increased Production and the Welfare of Dairy Cows: Are New Breeding Goals Needed?
Selection for Increased Production and the Welfare of Dairy Cows: Are New Breeding Goals Needed?
复制标题
提高奶牛产量和福利的选择：是否需要新的育种目标？
作者：
P. Oltenacu;B. Algers
在许多欧洲国家，每头奶牛的产奶量在过去40年中翻了一番多。产量的增加伴随着繁殖能力的下降，健康问题的发生率增加，以及现代奶牛寿命的下降。为增加产奶量而进行的遗传选择越来越被视为以降低动物福利为代价来增加利润。乳制品行业的经济前景与公众对其育种和生产实践的接受程度直接相关。对乳制品行业来说，重要的是，在对育种和管理做法进行广泛谴责之前，应该解决福利问题。一个新的育种目标，旨在提高健身和代谢应激的耐受性是必要的，以防止降低奶牛的生活质量，而不是，也许，提高它。
Abstract In many European countries, milk production per cow has more than doubled in the last 40 years. The increase in production has been accompanied by declining ability to reproduce, increasing incidence of health problems, and declining longevity in modern dairy cows. Genetic selection for increased milk yield increasingly is viewed as increasing profit at the expense of reducing animal welfare. The economic future of the dairy industry is related directly to public acceptance of its breeding and production practices. It is important to the dairy industry that welfare problems should be addressed before there is widespread condemnation of breeding and management practices. A new breeding goal aimed at improving fitness and tolerance of metabolic stress is necessary to prevent the decrease in the quality of life of dairy cows and instead, perhaps, enhance it.