The importance of distinguishing between harassment-only and assault military sexual trauma during screening
The importance of distinguishing between harassment-only and assault military sexual trauma during screening
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DOI：
10.1080/08995605.2019.1598218
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发表时间：
2019-01-01
影响因子：
1.1
通讯作者：
Andresen, Felicia J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Blais, Rebecca K.;Brignone, Emily;Andresen, Felicia J.
现有的研究表明，军事性创伤（MST）的历史与创伤后应激障碍和抑郁症的诊断以及自杀意念和自杀死亡的风险增加有关。过去的研究MST及其后遗症通常崩溃的骚扰和攻击MST筛选项目到一个单一的反应，记录为积极或消极的MST的历史。目前尚不清楚攻击是否与相对于仅骚扰MST的较差心理健康结果相关。女性服务成员/退伍军人（n = 656）完成了一项在线调查，评估历史（存在，不存在）和类型（骚扰，攻击）的MST，创伤后应激障碍，抑郁症，性满意度和功能症状，以及自杀意念。研究结果显示，那些报告MST历史的人，更具体地说，更有可能报告更高的PTSD症状和可能的PTSD诊断，更高的抑郁症状和可能的抑郁诊断，更差的性功能和可能的性功能诊断，更低的性满意度和自杀意念的存在。那些只报告骚扰MST的人也报告了更高的PTSD严重程度和可能的PTSD诊断，但骚扰MST和PTSD严重程度相对于攻击MST和PTSD严重程度的关联程度要低得多。研究结果表明，在筛选过程中区分MST的历史和类型至关重要，因为组合筛选项目失去了识别那些处于高风险的痛苦和功能障碍的敏感性。
Extant research demonstrates that a history of military sexual trauma (MST) is associated with PTSD and depression diagnoses as well as heightened risk for suicidal ideation and death by suicide. Past studies of MST and its sequelae typically collapse harassment-only and assault MST screening items into a single response, recorded as positive or negative for a history of MST. It is presently unclear whether assault is associated with poorer mental health outcomes relative to harassment-only MST. Female service members/Veterans (n = 656) completed an online survey assessing history (present, absent) and type (harassment-only, assault) of MST, PTSD, depression, sexual satisfaction and function symptoms, as well as suicidal ideation. Findings revealed that those who reported a history of MST, and assault more specifically, were more likely to report higher PTSD symptoms and probable PTSD diagnosis, higher depression symptoms and probable depression diagnosis, worse sexual function and probable sexual function diagnosis, lower sexual satisfaction, and presence of suicidal ideation. Those who reported harassment-only MST also reported higher PTSD severity and probable PTSD diagnosis, but the magnitude of the association of harassment-only MST and PTSD severity relative to assault MST and PTSD severity was substantially lower. Findings suggest it is critical to distinguish between history and type of MST during screening as a combined screening item loses sensitivity to identify those at heightened risk for distress and dysfunction.