Inflammation, remodeling, and other factors affecting HDL cholesterol efflux.
Inflammation, remodeling, and other factors affecting HDL cholesterol efflux.
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炎症，重塑和其他影响HDL胆固醇外排的因素。
DOI：
10.1097/mol.0000000000000382
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发表时间：
2017-03
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Vaisar T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ronsein GE;Vaisar T
高密度脂蛋白（HDL）促进巨噬细胞胆固醇外排的能力是独立于HDL胆固醇水平的心血管风险预测因子。然而，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇外排能力（CEC）的分子决定因素在很大程度上是未知的。术语HDL定义了具有不同大小、形状、蛋白质和脂质组成的异质粒子群。胆固醇外排是由多种途径介导的，这些途径可能受到HDL成分的差异调节。此外，HDL颗粒的不同亚群通过特定途径介导CEC，但CEC的分子决定因素（蛋白质或脂质）尚不清楚。炎症促进HDL的深度重塑，损害整体HDL CEC，同时改善abcg1介导的外排。本文综述了近年来有关HDL组成与CEC关系的研究成果。最近的动物和人类研究数据清楚地表明，多种因素与CEC有关，包括单个蛋白质、脂质组成以及特定颗粒亚群。急性炎症重塑HDL并损害CEC，而慢性炎症的影响更为微妙。标准化测定HDL组成和CEC的方法是了解控制HDL CEC因素的必要前提。揭示这些因素可能有助于开发改善HDL功能的新治疗干预措施。
The ability of high density lipoprotein (HDL) to promote cholesterol efflux from macrophages is a predictor of cardiovascular risk independent of HDL cholesterol levels. However, the molecular determinants of HDL cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) are largely unknown. The term HDL defines a heterogeneous population of particles with distinct size, shape, protein and lipid composition. Cholesterol efflux is mediated by multiple pathways that may be differentially modulated by HDL composition. Furthermore, different subpopulations of HDL particles mediate CEC via specific pathways, but the molecular determinants of CEC, either proteins or lipids, are unclear. Inflammation promotes a profound remodeling of HDL and impairs overall HDL CEC while improving ABCG1-mediated efflux. This review discusses recent findings that connect HDL composition and CEC. Data from recent animal and human studies clearly show that multiple factors associate with CEC including individual proteins, lipid composition, as well as specific particle subpopulations. While acute inflammation remodels HDL and impairs CEC, chronic inflammation has more subtle effects. Standardization of assays measuring HDL composition and CEC is a necessary prerequisite for understanding the factors controlling HDL CEC. Unraveling these factors may help the development of new therapeutic interventions improving HDL function.