The rough endoplasmatic reticulum is a central nucleation site of siRNA-mediated RNA silencing.

The rough endoplasmatic reticulum is a central nucleation site of siRNA-mediated RNA silencing.
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DOI:
10.1038/emboj.2013.52
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发表时间:
2013-04-17
期刊:
影响因子:
11.4
通讯作者:
Meisner-Kober, Nicole C.
Meisner-Kober, Nicole C.
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Stalder, Lukas;Heusermann, Wolf;Sokol, Lena;Trojer, Dominic;Wirz, Joel;Hean, Justin;Fritzsche, Anja;Aeschimann, Florian;Pfanzagl, Vera;Basselet, Pascal;Weiler, Jan;Hintersteiner, Martin;Morrissey, David V.;Meisner-Kober, Nicole C.

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尽管对 RNA 干扰 (RNAi) 途径的机制理解取得了进展,但 RNA 沉默的亚细胞位点仍然存在争议。在这里,我们展示了将脂质转染的 siRNA 和内源性 microRNA (miRNA) 加载到 RISC(RNA 诱导的沉默复合物)中、靶 mRNA 的相遇以及哺乳动物细胞中 Ago2 介导的 mRNA 切片在粗面内质网 (rER) 处成核。尽管主要的 RNAi 途径蛋白存在于大多数亚细胞区室中,但负载 miRNA 和 siRNA 的 Ago2 群体几乎完全与 rER 膜共同沉积,以及 RISC 负载复合物 (RLC) 因子 Dicer、TAR RNA 结合蛋白 (TRBP) 和干扰素诱导蛋白激酶 (PACT) 的蛋白激活剂。分级分离和膜共免疫沉淀进一步证实加载 siRNA 的 Ago2 与 rER 膜的胞质侧物理结合。此外,RLC 相关的双链 siRNA、RISC 负载的诊断以及 RISC 介导的 mRNA 裂解产物仅与 rER 共沉淀。最后,我们将 TRBP 和 PACT 确定为以不依赖于 RNA 的方式将 RISC 锚定到 ER 膜上的关键因素。总之,我们的研究结果表明,rER 外膜是 siRNA 介导的 RNA 沉默的中心成核位点。
Despite progress in mechanistic understanding of the RNA interference (RNAi) pathways, the subcellular sites of RNA silencing remain under debate. Here we show that loading of lipid-transfected siRNAs and endogenous microRNAs (miRNA) into RISC (RNA-induced silencing complexes), encounter of the target mRNA, and Ago2-mediated mRNA slicing in mammalian cells are nucleated at the rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER). Although the major RNAi pathway proteins are found in most subcellular compartments, the miRNA- and siRNA-loaded Ago2 populations co-sediment almost exclusively with the rER membranes, together with the RISC loading complex (RLC) factors Dicer, TAR RNA binding protein (TRBP) and protein activator of the interferon-induced protein kinase (PACT). Fractionation and membrane co-immune precipitations further confirm that siRNA-loaded Ago2 physically associates with the cytosolic side of the rER membrane. Additionally, RLC-associated double-stranded siRNA, diagnostic of RISC loading, and RISC-mediated mRNA cleavage products exclusively co-sediment with rER. Finally, we identify TRBP and PACT as key factors anchoring RISC to ER membranes in an RNA-independent manner. Together, our findings demonstrate that the outer rER membrane is a central nucleation site of siRNA-mediated RNA silencing.
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