Crash frequency analysis of left-side merging and diverging areas on urban freeway segments : a case study of I-75 through downtown Dayton, Ohio
Crash frequency analysis of left-side merging and diverging areas on urban freeway segments : a case study of I-75 through downtown Dayton, Ohio
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DOI：
10.1016/j.trc.2014.07.007
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
8.3
通讯作者：
D. Eustace;Aline Aylo;Worku Y. Mergia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Eustace;Aline Aylo;Worku Y. Mergia
本文分析了左右两侧合流区和分流区以及其他变量，如光线条件、路面状况、驾驶员年龄和施工作业区的存在对碰撞发生频率的影响。经过俄亥俄州代顿市中心的一段6.5英里（10.5公里）长的I-75公路被考虑在内。感兴趣的区域具有高交通量，并由不同的几何设计挑战组成，包括密集的合流和分流坡道。四年的碰撞数据记录（2005-2008年）和统计建模技术，假设负二项分布的广义线性模型（GLM）被用来开发单独的模型合并和分散的地区。结果表明，高速公路匝道附近的左侧合流区和分流区是影响事故发生频率的关键因素。此外，路面状况，光照条件，和工作区被发现是重要的预测崩溃频率。具体而言，结果表明，碰撞发生在位于高速公路车道左侧的合并区域的可能性是右侧的7.88倍。对于分叉区域，与高速公路右侧分叉区域相比，左侧分叉区域附近可能发生的撞车事故约为2.26倍。此外，不利的路面条件（如湿路面，雪，冰），不利的光线条件（如黑暗和眩光），以及工作区的存在被认为是发生碰撞的重要变量。
This paper analyzes the effect of left- and right-side merging and diverging areas and other variables such as light condition, roadway pavement condition, drivers’ age and presence of construction work zones on the occurrence frequency of crashes. A 6.5-mile (10.5-km) section of I-75 that passes through downtown Dayton, Ohio was considered. The area of interest has a high traffic volume and consists of different geometric design challenges including closely spaced merging and diverging ramps. A four-year record of crash data (2005–2008) and a statistical modeling technique that assumes a negative binomial distribution on generalized linear models (GLMs) were used to develop separate models for merging and diverging areas. The model results show that left-side merging and diverging areas are critical elements in crash frequency in the vicinity of ramps on freeways. In addition, pavement condition, light condition, and work zones were found to be significant predictors of crash frequency. Specifically, the results indicate that crashes are about 7.88 times more likely to occur on merging areas located on the left side of the freeway lanes compared to those on the right. For diverging areas, about 2.26 times more crashes are likely to occur near diverging areas on the left compared to those diverging on the right side of the freeway. In addition, adverse pavement conditions (such as wet pavement, snow, and ice), adverse light conditions (such as darkness and glare), and presence of work zone were found to be significant variables in the occurrence of crashes.