Microfluidics as an Emerging Platform for Tackling Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR): A Review
Microfluidics as an Emerging Platform for Tackling Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR): A Review
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DOI：
10.2174/1573411015666181224145845
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发表时间：
2020-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Sammer-Ul Hassan;Xunli Zhang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sammer-Ul Hassan;Xunli Zhang
耐药细菌已被认为是全球威胁，需要社会和公共卫生机构的每个利益相关者采取强有力的集体应对措施。目前可用的解决抗菌素耐药性 (AMR) 的技术已被发现耗时、昂贵、劳动密集型且基于中央实验室，这带来了越来越大的挑战，特别是在资源有限的偏远地区。与大多数传统技术相比，微流控已成为 AMR 测试的支持平台，可实现简单、稳健、经济高效且便携式的诊断。已经开发和测试了各种微流体技术，用于细菌鉴定和最小抑菌浓度 (MIC) 的测定，展示了对抗菌药物耐药菌株行为的更广泛理解，以及抗菌药物敏感性 (AST) 工具的开发。微型化微流体系统已将各种工具集成在一个平台上，例如样品处理、受控反应和片上检测，以实现临床环境中的便携式、简单、易于使用和 POC 诊断。然而，微流控技术的优势在应对抗菌素耐药性方面尚未得到充分利用，因为当前基于微流控的研究提供了有关抗生素耐药性的宝贵信息，但距离在临床环境中部署还很远。因此，市场上缺乏可靠且准确的系统。 AMR 是一个不断增长的威胁，微流体必须更快地采取行动，提供商业上可行的技术来对抗耐药细菌并指导临床决策。本文回顾了当前基于微流控的快速 AST 测试技术，以及微流控技术在临床环境中解决 AMR 的未来前景。
Antimicrobial resistant bacteria have been recognised as a global threat and require a robust and collective response from every stakeholder of the society and public health institutions. Currently available technologies to tackle antimicrobial resistance (AMR) have been found to be time-consuming, expensive, labour intensive and central labbased which poses increasing challenges, especially in remote areas where resources are limited. In contrast to most of the conventional technologies, microfluidics has become an enabling platform for AMR testing, allowing simple, robust, cost-effective and portable diagnostics. Various microfluidics techniques have been developed and tested for bacterial identification and determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), demonstrating a broader understanding of the behaviour of antimicrobial resistant strains, and development of antimicrobial susceptibility (AST) tools. Miniaturised microfluidic systems have led to the integration of various tools on a single platform such as sample handling, controlled reactions and on-chip detections towards portable, simple, easy to use and POC diagnostics in clinical environments. However, the benefits of microfluidics technology have not been fully exploited in tackling AMR because current microfluidic-based studies provide valuable information about the antibiotic resistance but are far from deployment in clinical settings. Hence, there is a lack of reliable and accurate systems in the market. AMR is an ever-growing threat and microfluidics must act faster to provide commercially viable techniques to combat resistant bacteria and guide clinical decisions. This article reviews the current microfluidic-based technologies for rapid AST testing and future prospects of the microfluidics technology for tackling AMR in clinical settings.