The Ice Survey Opportunity of ISO
The Ice Survey Opportunity of ISO
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ISO 的冰面调查机会
DOI：
10.1007/1-4020-3844-5_13
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发表时间：
2005
影响因子：
10.3
通讯作者：
E. Dartois
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Dartois
红外空间天文台上的仪器首次实现了从2.5 μm到45 μm的星际尘埃的完全低（PHOT， CVF）到中分辨率（SWS）光谱采集。在探测到的无星分子云中存在的固体中，围绕着最近诞生的恒星和仍然嵌入的物体或在一些质量损失包层中的化学产物，所谓的“冰地幔”是特别感兴趣的。它们代表了非常难熔的碳质和硅酸盐材料之间的界面，这些材料在气相中产生了丰富的化学反应，形成了第一批颗粒。分子凝结，在冰上反应，在低温下受到紫外线和宇宙射线的照射，有效地参与向更复杂分子的进化，在冰层中不断相互作用。它们在分子云的辐射转移中也起着重要作用，并强烈地影响着气相化学。ISO的结果揭示了H2O冰以外的许多其他物种。这些范德华固体的检测主要是在吸收中进行的。ISO光谱仪观测到的每种冰特征都是一个重要的物种，相对于H2的丰度在10−4-10−7范围内。如此高的丰度代表了一个巨大的物质储存库，一旦释放出来，就会补充气相，并为分子复杂性的阶梯提供养分。中分辨率光谱学还提供了观察冰特征的单个线剖面的机会，从而逐步揭示在地幔中发生的相互作用。本文将给出所选结果的观点，以避免与读者被邀请参考的众多评论重叠（例如van Dishoeck， in press; Gibb et al., 2004.）。
The instruments on board the Infrared Space Observatory have for the first time allowed a complete low (PHOT, CVF) to medium resolution (SWS) spectroscopic harvest, from 2.5 to 45 μm, of interstellar dust. Amongst the detected solids present in starless molecular clouds surrounding recently born stellar and still embedded objects or products of the chemistry in some mass loss envelopes, the so-called “ice mantles” are of specific interest. They represent an interface between the very refractory carbonaceous and silicates materials that built the first grains with the rich chemistry taking place in the gas phase. Molecules condense, react on ices, are subjected to UV and cosmic ray irradiation at low temperatures, participating efficiently to the evolution toward more complex molecules, being in constant interaction in an ice layer. They also play an important role in the radiative transfer of molecular clouds and strongly affect the gas phase chemistry. ISO results shed light on many other species than H2O ice. The detection of these van der Waal's solids is mainly performed in absorption. Each ice feature observed by ISO spectrometer is an important species, with abundance in the 10−4–10−7 range with respect to H2. Such high abundances represent a substantial reservoir of matter that, once released later on, replenishes the gas phase and feeds the ladder of molecular complexity. Medium resolution spectroscopy also offers the opportunity to look at individual line profiles of the ice features, and therefore to progressively reveal the interactions taking place in the mantles.This article will give a view on selected results to avoid to overlap with the numerous reviews the reader is invited to consult (e.g. van Dishoeck, in press; Gibb et al., 2004.).