Cerebellar Processing of Sensory Inputs Primes Motor Cortex Plasticity
Cerebellar Processing of Sensory Inputs Primes Motor Cortex Plasticity
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DOI：
10.1093/cercor/bhs016
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发表时间：
2013-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Kishore, A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Popa, T.;Velayudhan, B.;Kishore, A.
人类初级运动皮层 (M1) 的可塑性在运动控制和学习中起着至关重要的作用。小脑利用感觉反馈来促进这些功能。我们研究了小脑对感觉传入信息的处理是否影响初级运动皮层（M1）的可塑性。 θ 突发刺激方案 (TBS)，包括兴奋性和抑制性，用于调节小脑后皮质的兴奋性并调节持续的 M1 可塑性。 M1 可塑性随后以两种不同的方式诱导：通过涉及感觉处理的配对联想刺激 (PAS) 和专门涉及 M1 皮质内回路的 TBS。小脑兴奋减弱了 PAS 诱导的 M1 可塑性，而小脑抑制则增强并延长了可塑性。此外，小脑抑制消除了 PAS 诱导的 M1 可塑性的地形特异性反应，其影响扩散到邻近的运动图。相反，小脑兴奋对 TBS 诱导的 M1 可塑性没有影响。这证明了小脑在启动 M1 可塑性中的关键作用，我们认为它可能通过影响感觉处理而发生在丘脑或橄榄齿状核水平。我们认为，这种 M1 可塑性的小脑启动可以通过促进或抑制几种肌肉表征的募集来塑造即将到来的运动命令。
Plasticity of the human primary motor cortex (M1) has a critical role in motor control and learning. The cerebellum facilitates these functions using sensory feedback. We investigated whether cerebellar processing of sensory afferent information influences the plasticity of the primary motor cortex (M1). Theta-burst stimulation protocols (TBS), both excitatory and inhibitory, were used to modulate the excitability of the posterior cerebellar cortex and to condition an ongoing M1 plasticity. M1 plasticity was subsequently induced in 2 different ways: by paired associative stimulation (PAS) involving sensory processing and TBS that exclusively involves intracortical circuits of M1. Cerebellar excitation attenuated the PAS-induced M1 plasticity, whereas cerebellar inhibition enhanced and prolonged it. Furthermore, cerebellar inhibition abolished the topography-specific response of PAS-induced M1 plasticity, with the effects spreading to adjacent motor maps. Conversely, cerebellar excitation had no effect on the TBS-induced M1 plasticity. This demonstrates the key role of the cerebellum in priming M1 plasticity, and we propose that it is likely to occur at the thalamic or olivo-dentate nuclear level by influencing the sensory processing. We suggest that such a cerebellar priming of M1 plasticity could shape the impending motor command by favoring or inhibiting the recruitment of several muscle representations.