Is habitat linearity important for small mammal communities on farmland
Is habitat linearity important for small mammal communities on farmland
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栖息地线性对于农田上的小型哺乳动物群落重要吗
DOI：
10.1046/j.1365-2664.2002.00741.x
复制
发表时间：
2002
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
R. Feber
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
F. Tattersall;D. Macdonald;Barbara Hart;P. Johnson;W. Manley;R. Feber
总结
1
农田很容易分为线性栖息地，如树篱，和非线性栖息地，如田地和林地。在农业景观中，自然资源保护主义者通常专注于改善线性栖息地，但很少有数据可以判断这是否是生物多样性的好策略。
2
我们调查了栖息地斑块的线性或非线性特征，介导的边缘效应，对生活在它们内部和之间的小型哺乳动物群落的丰度，多样性和丰富性有影响。
3
特别是，我们假设，第一，边缘效应导致狭窄的线性栖息地，以避免由专家，如银行田鼠Clethrionomys glareolus，但不是由通才，如林鼠Apodemus sylvaticus;第二，边缘效应导致专家存在于非典型的栖息地，通过在两个栖息地之间的界面游览。
4
我们测试了这些假设的生活诱捕小哺乳动物在网格中的中心的三个非线性农田栖息地（林地，预留和农田）和在字段边界组成的一系列相邻的线性栖息地。我们比较了哺乳动物群落的非线性栖息地与领域的边界作为一个整体，并与个别线性栖息地的边界内的元素。
5
没有证据表明，专家避免线性栖息地。事实上，该领域的边界是物种最丰富的栖息地调查，和银行田鼠更丰富的线性绿篱比非线性林地。银行田鼠存在于线性预留和作物边缘，但从来没有在非线性块预留或作物，这意味着他们扩散到附近的栖息地的绿篱。有没有证据表明，影响的栖息地线性田鼠agrestis，木老鼠或普通的树鼩 Sorex araneus。
6
我们的研究结果表明，在未开垦的土地，如预留，线性或非线性的栖息地的特点将不会有什么不同的小型哺乳动物的丰度和多样性。我们主张对其他类群进行类似的评估，以便更充分地了解农场管理和栖息地配置对生物多样性的影响。
Summary
1
Farmland is readily divisible into linear habitats such as hedges, and non-linear habitats such as fields and woodlots. In agricultural landscapes, conservationists have generally focused on enhancing linear habitats, but there are few data from which to judge whether or not this is a good strategy for biodiversity.
2
We investigated whether the linear or non-linear character of habitat patches, mediated by edge effects, has an impact on the abundance, diversity and richness of the small mammal communities that live within and between them.
3
In particular, we hypothesized, first, that edge effects cause narrow linear habitats to be avoided by specialists such as the bank vole Clethrionomys glareolus, but not by generalists such as the wood mouse Apodemus sylvaticus; secondly, that edge effects lead to specialists being present in atypical habitat, through excursions at the interface between two habitats.
4
We tested these hypotheses by live-trapping small mammals in grids in the centres of three non-linear farmland habitats (woodlots, set-aside and crop fields) and in field boundaries consisting of a series of adjoining linear habitats. We compared mammal communities in the non-linear habitats with the field boundary as a whole, and with the individual linear habitat elements within the boundary.
5
There was no evidence that specialists avoided linear habitats. Indeed, the field boundary was the most species-rich habitat surveyed, and bank voles were more abundant in linear hedgerow than in non-linear woodland. Bank voles were present in linear set-aside and in the crop edge, but never in non-linear blocks of set-aside or crop, implying that they diffused out of the hedgerow into the adjacent habitats. There was no evidence of an effect of habitat linearity on field voles Microtus agrestis, wood mice or common shrews Sorex araneus.
6
Our results suggest that on uncropped land such as set-aside, the linear or non-linear character of habitats will make little difference to small mammal abundance and diversity. We advocate similar assessments for other taxa so that the effects of farm management and habitat configuration on biodiversity can be understood more fully.