Endothelial cell control of thrombosis.
Endothelial cell control of thrombosis.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12872-015-0124-z
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发表时间：
2015-10-19
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Verma S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yau JW;Teoh H;Verma S
止血包括一系列严格调控的过程，包括凝血、血小板活化和血管修复。在血管损伤时，止血系统启动一系列血管事件并激活血管外受体，这些受体协同作用以封闭损伤。血液凝固随后被过多的抑制剂减弱，以防止过度的凝块形成和最终的血栓形成。内皮细胞位于血液和周围组织之间的界面，在止血系统中起着不可或缺的作用。根据特定的组织需要和局部压力，内皮细胞能够引起抗血栓或血栓前事件。健康的内皮细胞表达抗血小板和抗凝血剂，分别阻止血小板聚集和纤维蛋白形成。面对内皮功能障碍，内皮细胞触发纤维蛋白的形成，以及血小板的粘附和聚集。最后，内皮细胞释放原纤维蛋白溶解剂，启动纤维蛋白溶解以降解凝块。综上所述，功能内皮对于维持止血和防止血栓形成至关重要。因此，更深入地了解内皮细胞的作用可以为探索和治疗血栓栓塞提供新的途径。
Hemostasis encompasses a set of tightly regulated processes that govern blood clotting, platelet activation, and vascular repair. Upon vascular injury, the hemostatic system initiates a series of vascular events and activates extravascular receptors that act in concert to seal off the damage. Blood clotting is subsequently attenuated by a plethora of inhibitors that prevent excessive clot formation and eventual thrombosis. The endothelium which resides at the interface between the blood and surrounding tissues, serves an integral role in the hemostatic system. Depending on specific tissue needs and local stresses, endothelial cells are capable of evoking either antithrombotic or prothrombotic events. Healthy endothelial cells express antiplatelet and anticoagulant agents that prevent platelet aggregation and fibrin formation, respectively. In the face of endothelial dysfunction, endothelial cells trigger fibrin formation, as well as platelet adhesion and aggregation. Finally, endothelial cells release pro-fibrinolytic agents that initiate fibrinolysis to degrade the clot. Taken together, a functional endothelium is essential to maintain hemostasis and prevent thrombosis. Thus, a greater understanding into the role of the endothelium can provide new avenues for exploration and novel therapies for the management of thromboembolisms.