パルスパワー・プラズマの農業・食品分野への応用
パルスパワー・プラズマの農業・食品分野への応用
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DOI：
10.1541/ieejfms.130.963
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发表时间：
2010-10
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
浩一 高木
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
浩一 高木
本文介绍了脉冲功率技术和等离子体技术在农业和食品加工中的应用。具有中等峰值功率的重复运行紧凑型脉冲功率发生器是为农业和食品加工应用而开发的。这些应用主要基于生物效应，并且可以被分类为植物的发芽控制，如担子菌门和拟南芥;土壤和水培液体介质中的细菌的灭活;从水果和蔬菜中提取汁液;空气和液体的净化等。具有生物效应的脉冲功率的类型是由气体放电、水放电和电磁场引起的。放电产生自由基、紫外线辐射、强电场和冲击波。脉冲功率和等离子体的基于生物的应用通过从这些试剂或副产物中选择给予目标对象足够结果的类型来执行。例如，强电场在细胞膜上形成孔，这被称为电穿孔，或影响细胞核。本文主要介绍了脉冲电源在控制担子菌门真菌（蘑菇）的萌发、在土壤和水培液体培养基中灭活真菌以及从葡萄皮中提取多酚等方面的应用。
Agricultural and food processing applications of pulsed power and plasma technologies are described in this paper. Repetitively operated compact pulsed power generators with a moderate peak power are developed for the agricultural and the food processing applications. These applications are mainly based on biological effects and can be categorized as germination control of plants such as Basidiomycota and arabidopsis; inactivation of bacteria in soil and liquid medium of hydroponics; extraction of juice from fruits and vegetables; decontamination of air and liquid, etc. Types of pulsed power that have biological effects are caused with gas discharges, water discharges, and electromagnetic fields. The discharges yield free radicals, UV radiation, intense electric field, and shock waves. Biologically based applications of pulsed power and plasma are performed by selecting the type that gives the target objects the adequate result from among these agents or byproducts. For instance, intense electric fields form pores on the cell membrane, which is called electroporation, or influence the nuclei. This paper mainly describes the application of the pulsed power for the germination control of Basidiomycota i.e. mushroom, inactivation of fungi in the soil and the liquid medium in hydroponics, and extraction of polyphenol from skins of grape.