One Bias Fits All? Three Types of Media Bias and Their Effects on Party Preferences
One Bias Fits All? Three Types of Media Bias and Their Effects on Party Preferences
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DOI：
10.1177/0093650215614364
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发表时间：
2017-12-01
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Wagner, Markus
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eberl, Jakob-Moritz;Boomgaarden, Hajo G.;Wagner, Markus
政治新闻报道中的偏见可能会对选民的意见和偏好产生深远的影响。然而，媒体偏见的概念实际上包括不同的子类型：可见性偏见是政治行为者的突出性，调性偏见是对这些行为者的评价，议程偏见是各方在媒体报道中解决首选问题的程度。本研究是第一次探讨每种类型的偏见如何影响政党偏好。使用2013年奥地利议会竞选活动的数据，我们结合了联合收割机的在线小组调查（n = 1，285）与媒体偏见的措施，从党的新闻稿（n = 1，922）和媒体报道的内容分析在八份报纸（n = 6，970）。我们发现音调偏差和议程偏差对政党偏好有显著影响，而可见性偏差没有明显影响。政治上不那么老练和缺乏党派认同的选民更容易受到偏见的影响，媒体的偏见也会强化现有的党派认同。
Bias in political news coverage may have a profound influence on voter opinions and preferences. However, the concept of media bias actually encompasses different sub-types: Visibility bias is the salience of political actors, tonality bias the evaluation of these actors, and agenda bias the extent to which parties address preferred issues in media coverage. The present study is the first to explore how each type of bias influences party preferences. Using data from the Austrian parliamentary election campaign of 2013, we combine an online panel survey (n = 1,285) with measures of media bias from content analyses of party press releases (n = 1,922) and media coverage in eight newspapers (n = 6,970). We find substantial effects on party preferences for tonality bias and agenda bias, while visibility bias has no clear impact. Voters who are less politically sophisticated and lack a party identification are more susceptible to bias, and media bias can also reinforce existing partisan identities.