Methadone maintenance and addicts' risk of fatal heroin overdose
Methadone maintenance and addicts' risk of fatal heroin overdose
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DOI：
10.3109/10826089609045806
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发表时间：
1996-01-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Nisbet, JG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Caplehorn, JRM;Dalton, MSYN;Nisbet, JG
对296名澳大利亚美沙酮维持治疗患者进行了为期15年的随访。计算了两个年龄组（20 - 29岁和30 - 39岁）在接受维持治疗期间和未接受维持治疗时的死亡相对风险。两个年龄组的海洛因成瘾者在接受美沙酮维持治疗期间死亡的可能性是未接受治疗的成瘾者的四分之一。这是因为他们在接受维持治疗期间因海洛因过量或自杀而死亡的可能性显著降低。美沙酮维持治疗对非海洛因过量、暴力或创伤以及自然原因导致的死亡风险没有可测量的影响。一项荟萃分析表明，总体死亡率的降低与在美国、瑞典和德国进行的队列研究结果一致。这五项研究的综合结果再次表明，美沙酮维持治疗将成瘾者的死亡风险降低至四分之一，相对危险度为0.25（95%置信区间为0.19 - 0.33）。
An admission cohort of 296 Australian methadone maintenance patients was followed over 15 years. The relative risks of death in and out of maintenance were calculated for two age groups, 20-29 and 30-39 years. Heroin addicts in both age groups were one-quarter as likely to die while receiving methadone maintenance as addicts not in treatment. This is because they were significantly less likely to die by heroin overdose or suicide while in maintenance. Methadone maintenance had no measurable effect on the risk of death through nonheroin overdose, violence or trauma, or natural causes. A meta-analysis showed the reduction in overall mortality was consistent with the results of cohort studies conducted in the United States, Sweden, and Germany. The combined results of the five studies again indicated that methadone maintenance reduced addicts' risk of death to a quarter, RR 0.25 (95% CI 0.19 to 0.33).