Eye movements in response to dichoptic motion: Evidence for a parallel-hierarchical structure of visual motion processing in primates
Eye movements in response to dichoptic motion: Evidence for a parallel-hierarchical structure of visual motion processing in primates
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DOI：
10.1152/jn.01316.2007
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发表时间：
2008-05-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Kawano, Kenji
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hayashi, Ryusuke;Miura, Kenichiro;Kawano, Kenji
大视野视觉刺激的短暂运动会引起被称为眼球跟随反应(OFRs)的短潜伏期跟踪眼球运动。为了解决在没有单眼运动提示的情况下，是否可以由纯双眼运动信号引发OFRs的问题，我们使用双眼运动刺激测量了猴子的OFRs，其单眼输入是时空正交中的闪烁栅格，并将它们与包括单眼运动线索的标准运动刺激的OFRs进行了比较。分视运动虽然潜伏期较长，但波幅较小，但可诱发OFR。与这些发现相反，我们观察到其他类型的运动刺激被归类为非一阶运动，这是标准亮度定义(一阶)运动的检测器无法检测到的，不会引起OFR，尽管它们确实唤起了运动感。这些结果表明，在双眼整合后，OFRs可以完全由大脑皮层视觉运动加工驱动，这与结合非一阶运动进行精细运动知觉的加工不同。为了探索双眼运动加工与单眼运动加工相互作用的本质，我们进一步使用我们新的运动刺激记录了人和猴子的OFR，其单眼和双眼运动信号以不同的运动强度比沿相反的方向移动。我们发现，单眼和双眼运动信号是并行处理的，以诱导OFR，而不是以赢家通吃的方式相互抑制，结果在整个物种中是一致的。
Brief movements of a large-field visual stimulus elicit short-latency tracking eye movements termed "ocular following responses" (OFRs). To address the question of whether OFRs can be elicited by purely binocular motion signals in the absence of monocular motion cues, we measured OFRs from monkeys using dichoptic motion stimuli, the monocular inputs of which were flickering gratings in spatiotemporal quadrature, and compared them with OFRs to standard motion stimuli including monocular motion cues. Dichoptic motion did elicit OFRs, although with longer latencies and smaller amplitudes. In contrast to these findings, we observed that other types of motion stimuli categorized as non-first-order motion, which is undetectable by detectors for standard luminance-defined (first-order) motion, did not elicit OFRs, although they did evoke the sensation of motion. These results indicate that OFRs can be driven solely by cortical visual motion processing after binocular integration, which is distinct from the process incorporating non-first-order motion for elaborated motion perception. To explore the nature of dichoptic motion processing in terms of interaction with monocular motion processing, we further recorded OFRs from both humans and monkeys using our novel motion stimuli, the monocular and dichoptic motion signals of which move in opposite directions with a variable motion intensity ratio. We found that monocular and dichoptic motion signals are processed in parallel to elicit OFRs, rather than suppressing each other in a winner-take-all fashion, and the results were consistent across the species.