Genetic affinities of central China populations.
Genetic affinities of central China populations.
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DOI：
10.4238/2014.january.28.7
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发表时间：
2014-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
H. Zhou;H. Wang;S. Tan;Y. Chen;Wen Wang;H. Tao;Z. Yin;Y. Zou;S. Ouyang;B. Ni
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. Zhou;H. Wang;S. Tan;Y. Chen;Wen Wang;H. Tao;Z. Yin;Y. Zou;S. Ouyang;B. Ni
湖南位于中国中南部，长江中游以南，洞庭湖以南。据史料记载，现代人类祖先在湖南的活动可以上溯到4万年前。因此，追溯古代母系成分可以为中国中南部的起源提供进一步的认识。本研究对湖南省114名汉族、土家族和苗族个体的线粒体DNA进行了研究。对mtDNA控制区高变区I和II进行测序，并根据最新的世界遗传树选择编码区的相对诊断变异，采用限制性片段长度多态性分析或直接测序进行分型。所有的个体都被划分到特定的（亚）单倍群。与周边人群相比，土家族和苗族人群中南方流行的单倍群出现频率较高，如单倍群B的出现率超过20%，而汉族人群中则缺乏，说明土家族和苗族人群具有南方起源的特点。此外，我们还检测到东亚北方流行的单倍群，土家族人群中的频率相对高于苗族和瑶族人群，这意味着来自汉族人群的基因流。然而，我们的主成分分析和进一步的遗传估计结果支持语言聚类的趋势。汉族和中国中部的少数民族表现出特定的祖先，这与他们更接近的语言密切相关，尽管汉族和少数民族之间存在广泛的遗传混合。
Hunan locates in the south-central part of China, to the south of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and south of Lake Dongting. According to the historical records, the peopling of Hunan by modern human ancestors can ascend to 40 thousand years ago. Thus, to trace the ancient maternal components can offer further insight into the origin of south-central China. In this study, we investigated the mitochondrial DNA of 114 individuals from Hunan Province (including 34 Han, 40 Tujia and 40 Miao). Hypervariable regions I and II of the mtDNA control region were sequenced, and the relative diagnostic variations in coding region according to the updated worldwide phylogeny tree were selected and typed by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis or direct sequencing. All individuals were classified into specific (sub)haplogroups. By comparison with the surrounding populations, southern China-prevalent haplogroups were detected with relative higher frequency in the Tujia and Miao ethnic populations, such as haplogroup B, with more than 20%, lacking in the Han population, which illustrated its southern origin characters. In addition, we also detected northern of East Asia prevalent haplogroups with a relative higher frequency in Tujia populations than in the Miao and Yao ethnic groups, implying a gene flow from Han populations. However, the language-clustering tendency was supported by our principal component analysis and further genetic estimation results. Han and ethnic groups in central China exhibited specific ancestors related to their closer language affinity, although there was extensively genetic admixture between Han and ethnic groups.