EQUATIONS DESCRIPTIVE OF FISH SCHOOLS AND OTHER ANIMAL AGGREGATIONS
EQUATIONS DESCRIPTIVE OF FISH SCHOOLS AND OTHER ANIMAL AGGREGATIONS
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DOI：
10.2307/1930099
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发表时间：
1954-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
BREDER, CM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BREDER, CM
一个方程来自考虑学校的鱼作为一种工具，社会有机体的比较研究。方程为：c= a -（f1 p1）（f2 p2）/d2其中d =个体或群体之间的距离，f=个体数量，p =每个个体的潜力，fp=排斥力，a =吸引力，c =群体凝聚力的量度。给出了将其应用于真实的学校的方法，并说明了4种不同种类的参数：大眼小沙丁鱼、珍金沙丁鱼、雾状沙尾鱼和柄银汉鱼。相关方程c =（f1 p1）（f2 p2）/t2，其中t表示amt。鱼类显示接近的时间和fp =吸引力被称为exptl。关于Oryzias latipes的资料这表明，一个群体对一个个体的影响与群体中的人数成正比，可以用方程c = kxn表示，其中x =群体中的人数，k和n是常数。当存在第二群体时，较大群体对单个个体的影响可用同一方程不同常数表示。
An equation derived from consideration of schooling fish is presented as an instrument for comparative studies on social organisms. Equation is: c= a - (f 1p1) (f 2p2)/d 2 where d = distance between individuals or groups, f= number of individuals, p = potential of each individual, fp= repulsive force, a = attractive force and c = a measure of cohesiveness of group. A method of applying this to real schools is given, with an illustration of parameters of 4 different spp.: Sardinella macrophthalmia, Jenkinsia lamprotaenla, Ameiurus nebulosus and Atherina stipes. A related equation c = (f 1 p 1) (f 2 p 2)/t 2 where t represents amt. of time in which fishes show close approach and fp = attraction is referred to exptl. data on Oryzias latipes. This indicates that influence of a group on 1 individual is directly proportional to number in group and may be expressed by equation c = kxn where x = number in group and k and n are constants. When there is a second group present influence of larger group on a single individual may be expressed by same equation with different constants.