CAN NEUROSCIENCE CONTRIBUTE TO PRACTICAL ETHICS? A CRITICAL REVIEW AND DISCUSSION OF THE METHODOLOGICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL CHALLENGES OF THE NEUROSCIENCE OF ETHICS
CAN NEUROSCIENCE CONTRIBUTE TO PRACTICAL ETHICS? A CRITICAL REVIEW AND DISCUSSION OF THE METHODOLOGICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL CHALLENGES OF THE NEUROSCIENCE OF ETHICS
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DOI：
10.1111/bioe.12357
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发表时间：
2017-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Muller, Sabine
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Racine, Eric;Dubljevic, Veljko;Muller, Sabine
神经伦理学是一个跨学科的领域，是为了应对神经科学的进步所带来的新的伦理挑战而兴起的。从历史上看，神经伦理学提供了一个协同不同学科的机会，特别是提出了“神经科学伦理学”和“伦理神经科学”之间的双向对话。然而，“伦理学的神经科学”是否是一个有用的、统一的研究分支，以及它是否真的能提供或导致理论见解和可转移的实践知识，以帮助解决伦理问题，这些问题浮出水面。在这篇文章中，我们探讨了为什么伦理学的神经科学是一个有前途的研究领域，并总结了迄今为止我们所了解到的关于其最有前途的目标和贡献。然后，我们回顾了一些关键的方法论挑战，这些挑战可能阻碍了迄今为止由伦理学神经科学产生的结果的使用。提出了应对这些挑战的策略，提高研究质量，增加神经科学对应用伦理学和整个社会的有用性。最后，我们反思了伦理神经科学的潜在结果，并讨论了可用于支持知识转移的不同策略，以帮助不同利益相关者整合来自伦理神经科学的知识。
Neuroethics is an interdisciplinary field that arose in response to novel ethical challenges posed by advances in neuroscience. Historically, neuroethics has provided an opportunity to synergize different disciplines, notably proposing a two- way dialogue between an 'ethics of neuroscience' and a 'neuroscience of ethics'. However, questions surface as to whether a 'neuroscience of ethics' is a useful and unified branch of research and whether it can actually inform or lead to theoretical insights and transferable practical knowledge to help resolve ethical questions. In this article, we examine why the neuroscience of ethics is a promising area of research and summarize what we have learned so far regarding its most promising goals and contributions. We then review some of the keymethodological challenges whichmay have hindered the use of results generated thus far by the neuroscience of ethics. Strategies are suggested to address these challenges and improve the quality of research and increase neuroscience's usefulness for applied ethics and society at large. Finally, we reflect on potential outcomes of a neuroscience of ethics and discuss the different strategies that could be used to support knowledge transfer to help different stakeholders integrate knowledge from the neuroscience of ethics.