Cocaine use and overdose mortality in the United States: Evidence from two national data sources, 2002-2018
Cocaine use and overdose mortality in the United States: Evidence from two national data sources, 2002-2018
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DOI：
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.108148
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发表时间：
2020-09-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Vaughn, Michael G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cano, Manuel;Oh, Sehun;Vaughn, Michael G.
背景：美国可卡因过量死亡率最近有所上升，但尚不清楚可卡因过量死亡率模式在多大程度上与可卡因使用模式相似。这项研究：调查了美国去年可卡因使用情况和可卡因过量死亡率的时间趋势（2002-2018 年）；并比较了报告去年可卡因使用情况的成年人与死于可卡因过量的成年人的人口统计数据和毒品参与情况。方法：使用了两个来源的数据：（1）国家毒品使用和健康调查（n = 1,334 名成年人在 2018 年自我报告可卡因使用情况）； (2) 国家卫生统计中心的多重死因数据集（N = 2018 年死于可卡因过量的 14,630 名成年人）。该研究考察了过去一年可卡因使用流行率、可卡因过量服用死亡率、2002-2018 年趋势、人口特征以及其他药物的参与情况。结果：Joinpoint 回归结果表明，过去一年可卡因使用流行率在 2011 年之后有所增加，年变化百分比为 5.13，而年龄调整后的可卡因服用过量死亡率则在 2011 年之后上升。 2012年，年变化百分比为26.54。 2018 年，过去一年的可卡因使用流行率在不同种族/族裔群体中没有显着差异 (p = 0.09)，但非西班牙裔黑人的年龄调整后可卡因过量死亡率是非西班牙裔白人的两倍以上，并且显着高于任何其他群体 (p < 0.001)。 结论： 虽然可卡因使用流行率有所增加 适度地说，与可卡因过量有关的死亡率急剧上升。可卡因过量导致的死亡率对黑人、老年人或教育程度较低的人影响尤为严重。
Background: Cocaine-involved overdose mortality has recently risen in the United States (US), yet it is unclear to what extent patterns in cocaine-involved overdose mortality parallel patterns in cocaine use. This study: examined time trends (2002-2018) in past-year cocaine use and cocaine-involved overdose mortality in the US; and compared demographics and drug involvement of adults who reported past-year cocaine use versus adults who died of a cocaine-involved overdose.Methods: Data from two sources were utilized: (1) the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (n = 1,334 adults self-reporting cocaine use in 2018); and (2) the Multiple Cause of Death dataset of the National Center for Health Statistics (N = 14,630 adults who died of a cocaine-involved overdose in 2018). The study examined prevalence of past-year cocaine use, mortality rates for cocaine-involved overdose, 2002-2018 trends, demographic characteristics, and involvement of other drugs.Results: Results of Joinpoint Regression indicated that the prevalence of past-year cocaine use increased after 2011, with an annual percent change of 5.13, while age-adjusted cocaine-involved overdose mortality rates escalated after 2012, with an annual percent change of 26.54. In 2018, prevalence of past-year cocaine use did not significantly differ (p = 0.09) by racial/ethnic group, yet Non-Hispanic Blacks had an age-adjusted cocainein-volved overdose mortality rate more than double the rate in Non-Hispanic Whites and significantly higher (p < 0.001) than in any other group.Conclusions: While the prevalence of cocaine use has increased modestly, cocaine-involved overdose mortality has risen dramatically. Cocaine-involved overdose mortality is disproportionately affecting individuals who are Black, older, or with lower educational attainment.