Characterization of Source-Filter Interactions in Vocal Vibrato Using a Neck-Surface Vibration Sensor: A Pilot Study.
Characterization of Source-Filter Interactions in Vocal Vibrato Using a Neck-Surface Vibration Sensor: A Pilot Study.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jvoice.2021.08.004
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发表时间：
2024-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Larson CR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lester-Smith RA;Derrick E;Larson CR
声乐颤音是一种对基频和强度进行周期性调制的歌唱技巧。颤音中语音机制中的生理调制来源以及喉源和声道滤器之间的相互作用尚不完全清楚。因此，这项研究的目的是确定是否可以使用来自颈面振动传感器和麦克风的同时记录的信号来捕捉声门上声道过滤前后声源的特征，以确定是否可以捕捉到fO和强度调制的速率和程度的差异。九名受过古典训练的歌手用颤音发出持续的元音，同时使用振动传感器和麦克风记录下同步信号。进行声学分析以测量每个试验的频率和强度调制的速率和程度。使用配对样本符号测试来分析振动传感器和麦克风信号中fo和强度调制的速率和程度之间的差异。振动传感器和麦克风信号的fo调制速率和幅度与强度调制程度相当，但麦克风信号的强度调制速率明显高于振动传感器信号。在第一共振峰频率和第二共振峰频率之间通常有较小差异的元音，在强度调制速度上存在较大差异。这项研究表明，声门上声道过滤之前声源的强度调制率，如在颈部表面振动传感器信号中测量的，低于声门上声道过滤后的强度调制率，如在麦克风信号中测量的。根据元音的不同，比率的差异也会有所不同。这些发现进一步支持了声带颤音中的共鸣-谐音相互作用。有必要进一步研究，以确定颤音的生理来源(S)的差异是否解释了颈面振动传感器的强度调制程度与麦克风信号之间的不一致关系。
Vocal vibrato is a singing technique that involves periodic modulation of fundamental frequency (fo) and intensity. The physiological sources of modulation within the speech mechanism and the interactions between the laryngeal source and vocal tract filter in vibrato are not fully understood. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine if differences in the rate and extent of fo and intensity modulation could be captured using simultaneously recorded signals from a neck-surface vibration sensor and a microphone, which represent features of the source before and after supraglottal vocal tract filtering. Nine classically-trained singers produced sustained vowels with vibrato while simultaneous signals were recorded using a vibration sensor and a microphone. Acoustical analyses were performed to measure the rate and extent of fo and intensity modulation for each trial. Paired-samples sign tests were used to analyze differences between the rate and extent of fo and intensity modulation in the vibration sensor and microphone signals. The rate and extent of fo modulation and the extent of intensity modulation were equivalent in the vibration sensor and microphone signals, but the rate of intensity modulation was significantly higher in the microphone signal than in the vibration sensor signal. Larger differences in the rate of intensity modulation were seen with vowels that typically have smaller differences between the first and second formant frequencies. This study demonstrated that the rate of intensity modulation at the source prior to supraglottal vocal tract filtering, as measured in neck-surface vibration sensor signals, was lower than the rate of intensity modulation after supraglottal vocal tract filtering, as measured in microphone signals. The difference in rate varied based on the vowel. These findings provide further support of the resonance-harmonics interaction in vocal vibrato. Further investigation is warranted to determine if differences in the physiological source(s) of vibrato account for inconsistent relationships between the extent of intensity modulation in neck-surface vibration sensor and microphone signals.
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