Rethinking Monitoring in Smallholder Carbon Payments for Ecosystem Service Schemes: Devolve Monitoring, Understand Accuracy and Identify Co-benefits
Rethinking Monitoring in Smallholder Carbon Payments for Ecosystem Service Schemes: Devolve Monitoring, Understand Accuracy and Identify Co-benefits
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重新思考生态系统服务计划小农碳支付的监测：下放监测、了解准确性并确定协同效益
DOI：
10.1016/j.ecolecon.2017.04.012
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
7
通讯作者：
Wells G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wells G
监测是生态系统服务付费计划的一个关键方面，为付费提供了依据。然而，生态系统服务付费的监测存在挑战，包括在技术准确性与成本、当地公平性和合法性之间取得平衡。在小农户碳生态系统服务付费方面尤其如此，因为管理者的资源和能力有限。在这里，我们探讨如何改善小农户项目的监测。我们研究了乌干达和墨西哥的两个成熟项目，并评估了五种监测方法：两种遥感方法和三种实地测量方法。每种方法在数据分辨率、方法复杂性和当地参与程度方面各不相同。我们收集了关于四个方面的定量和定性信息：准确性;成本;当地公平性;和当地合法性。我们发现，具有更高的数据分辨率和本地参与的方法在所有四个方面都表现得更好，而更大的方法复杂性与显着改善的性能无关。我们的结论是，监测小农和其他类型的生态系统服务费用支付可以通过以下方式得到改善：1）将分析下放到地方一级; 2）向利益相关者传达“应用”和“科学”准确性之间的区别;以及3）记录和传达监测的各种功能，这里称为共同利益-与简单的“监测和支付”生态系统服务费用支付概念形成对比。
Monitoring is a key aspect of payments for ecosystem services (PES) schemes, providing a basis for payments. PES monitoring however presents challenges, including in balancing technical accuracy with cost, local equity and legitimacy. This is particularly true in smallholder carbon PES, where managers have limited resources and capacity. Here we explore ways to improve monitoring in smallholder projects. We looked at two well-established projects in Uganda and Mexico, and appraised five monitoring methodologies: two remote sensing and three field measurement approaches. Each methodology varied in data resolution, methodological complexity and degree of local participation. We collected quantitative and qualitative information on four aspects of performance: accuracy; costs; local equity; and local legitimacy. We show that methodologies with greater data resolution and local participation performed better in all four aspects, while greater methodological complexity was not associated with significantly improved performance. We conclude that monitoring in smallholder and other types of PES may be improved through: 1) devolving analyses to the local level; 2) communicating to stakeholders a distinction between ‘applied’ and ‘scientific’ accuracy; and 3) documenting and communicating the diverse functions of monitoring, referred to here as co-benefits – a contrast to simple ‘monitor and pay’ conceptions of PES.