Co-infection with Multiple Respiratory Pathogens Contributes to Increased Mortality Rates in Algerian Poultry Flocks
Co-infection with Multiple Respiratory Pathogens Contributes to Increased Mortality Rates in Algerian Poultry Flocks
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DOI：
10.1637/11063-031615-case.1
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发表时间：
2015-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Rautenschlein, Silke
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sid, Hicham;Benachour, Karine;Rautenschlein, Silke
呼吸道感染是全球家禽死亡率上升的常见原因。为了改进干预策略，必须确定流通病原体并进一步确定其特征。由于缺乏诊断工具，目前尚不清楚病原体对阿尔及利亚呼吸系统疾病的高死亡率有何影响。我们的目的是确定是否也能在阿尔及利亚鸡和火鸡群中检测到已知存在于邻国的主要病原体，包括鸡毒支原体(MG)、滑膜支原体(MS)、禽流感病毒(AIV)、传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)和禽偏肺病毒(AMPV)。结果表明，调查的病原体在阿尔及利亚禽群中以多重感染的形式传播。阿尔及利亚IBV毒株的系统发育特征证实了肾脏致病病毒的传播，这些病毒与邻国分离的毒株不同。这可能表明北非存在一种新的IBV基因。此外，我们首次检测到AMPV B亚型野毒株和禽流感病毒。有趣的是，所有病毒病原体都存在于MG的混合感染中，这可能会加剧临床疾病。可能存在其他病原体，今后应对其进行调查。我们的结果表明，多重呼吸道感染可能是阿尔及利亚禽群高死亡率的原因，很可能在世界其他地区也是如此，这表明需要建立更全面的控制战略。
Respiratory infections are a common cause for increased mortality rates in poultry worldwide. To improve intervention strategies, circulating pathogens have to be identified and further characterized. Because of the lack of diagnostic tools, it was not known what pathogens contribute to the high mortality rates in association with respiratory disease in Algeria. Our objective was to determine if primary pathogens including Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG), Mycoplasma synoviae (MS), avian influenza virus (AIV), infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), and avian metapneumovirus (aMPV), known to be present in neighboring countries, can also be detected in Algerian chicken and turkey flocks. Results demonstrate the circulation of the investigated pathogens in Algerian poultry flocks as multi-infections. Phylogenetic characterization of the Algerian IBV strains confirmed the circulation of nephropathogenic viruses that are different from the strains isolated in neighboring countries. This could suggest the existence of a new IBV genotype in North Africa. Additionally, we detected for the first time an aMPV subtype B field strain and avian influenza virus. Interestingly, all viral pathogens were present in co-infections with MG, which could exacerbate clinical disease. Additional pathogens may be present and should be investigated in the future. Our results suggest that multiple respiratory infections may be responsible for high mortality in Algerian poultry flocks and very probably also in other regions of the world, which demonstrates the need for the establishment of more comprehensive control strategies.