Can you please put it out? Predicting non-smokers' assertiveness intentions at work
Can you please put it out? Predicting non-smokers' assertiveness intentions at work
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DOI：
10.1136/tc.2009.031161
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发表时间：
2010-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Eiser, J. Richard
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Aspropoulos, Eleftherios;Lazuras, Lambros;Eiser, J. Richard
目的探讨非吸烟者员工要求吸烟者在工作中不吸烟的心理社会预测因素。采用态度-社会影响-自我效能(ASE)模型对过去行为、预期后悔、社会规范、态度、结果预期和行为控制信念的预测作用进行了研究。主要的结果衡量标准是自信倾向。研究人员还收集了参与者的吸烟史、年龄、性别以及公司目前的吸烟政策等数据。结果大部分员工(77.4%)表示对工作中被动吸烟感到恼火，但只有37%的员工表示在过去30天内曾要求吸烟者同事不要吸烟。回归分析显示，不吸烟者自信意向的最强预测者是他们相信其他不吸烟者是自信的频率。对自信的控制感、对工作中接触二手烟(SHS)的恼怒和过去的自信行为也显著预测了自信意图。结论不吸烟员工的自信似乎主要受规范和行为控制信念、工作中对SHS暴露的恼怒和既往行为的影响。促进非吸烟者自信的干预措施可能受益于功效培训，同时传达这样的信息：大多数其他不吸烟者经常被暴露在SHS中感到恼火，而且近一半的不吸烟者对吸烟者持自信态度。
Objective The present study aimed to identify the psychosocial predictors of non-smoker employee intentions to ask smokers not to smoke at work. The predictive effects of past behaviour, anticipated regret, social norms, attitudinal, outcome expectancy and behavioural control beliefs were investigated in relation to the Attitudes-Social influence-self-Efficacy (ASE) model.Methods Data were collected from Greek non-smoker employees (n = 137, mean age = 33.5, SD = 10.5, 54.7% female) in 15 companies. The main outcome measure was assertiveness intention. Data on participants' past smoking, age, gender and on current smoking policy in the company were also collected.Results The majority of employees (77.4%) reported being annoyed by exposure to passive smoking at work, but only 37% reported having asked a smoker colleague not to smoke in the last 30 days. Regression analysis showed that the strongest predictor of non-smokers' assertiveness intentions was how often they believed that other non-smokers were assertive. Perceived control over being assertive, annoyance with secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure at work and past assertive behaviour also significantly predicted assertiveness intentions.Conclusions Assertiveness by non-smoker employees seems to be guided mainly by normative and behavioural control beliefs, annoyance with SHS exposure at work, and past behaviour. Interventions to promote assertiveness in non-smokers might benefit from efficacy training combined with conveying the messages that the majority of other non-smokers are frequently annoyed by exposure to SHS, and that nearly half of all non-smokers are assertive towards smokers.