The spyglass self: A model of vicarious self-perception
The spyglass self: A model of vicarious self-perception
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DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.92.3.402
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发表时间：
2007-03-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Cialdini, Robert B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goldstein, Noah J.;Cialdini, Robert B.
自我知觉理论认为，人们有时会通过观察自己自由选择的行为来推断自己的属性。作者假设，除此之外，人们有时会通过观察其他人自由选择的行为来推断自己的属性，这些人让他们感觉到一种融合的认同感，几乎就像他们观察到自己在做这些行为一样。在观察一个演员的行为之前，参与者被引导通过观点采择指令（研究1）或通过反馈表明他们的脑电波模式与演员的脑电波模式基本重叠（研究2-4）来感受与演员的融合认同感。正如所预测的那样，参与者将与演员行为相关的属性纳入自己的自我概念，但只有当他们被引导感受到与演员融合的身份感时，并且只有当演员的行为似乎是自由选择的时候。这些相关自我认知的变化导致参与者相应地改变自己的行为。这些替代自我知觉过程的一致性，观点采择和自我概念的长期发展的影响进行了讨论。
Self-perception theory posits that people sometimes infer their own attributes by observing their freely chosen actions. The authors hypothesized that in addition, people sometimes infer their own attributes by observing the freely chosen actions of others with whom they feel a sense of merged identity-almost as if they had observed themselves performing the acts. Before observing an actor's behavior, participants were led to feel a sense of merged identity with the actor through perspective-taking instructions (Study 1) or through feedback indicating that their brainwave patterns overlapped substantially with those of the actor (Studies 2-4). As predicted, participants incorporated attributes relevant to an actor's behavior into their own self-concepts, but only when they were led to feel a sense of merged identity with the actor and only when the actor's behavior seemed freely chosen. These changes in relevant self-perceptions led participants to change their own behaviors accordingly. Implications of these vicarious self-perception processes for conformity, perspective-taking, and the long-term development of the self-concept are discussed.